Nokea
Based on current demographic data, which of the following statements identifies a predictive trend regarding the health care needs of society?
- A. Most nurses will not need to care for older persons.
- B. More nursing services will be required to serve the needs of the population older than 85 years of age.
- C. Fewer nurses will be needed to care for older adults.
- D. Older adults expect their quality of life to be less than that of earlier generations at their ages.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because demographic data shows an increasing aging population, leading to a higher demand for healthcare services for individuals over 85. This trend indicates a greater need for nursing services to cater to the specific health care needs of this age group. Option A is incorrect as the aging population will require more care. Option C is also incorrect as fewer nurses will not be sufficient to meet the increasing demand. Option D is irrelevant to the predictive trend of healthcare needs based on demographics.
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Tuberculosis
- A. can be spread by persons who have positive skin tests and no symptoms
- B. presents a higher risk for clients who take immunosuppressant medications
- C. is caused by a virus related to HIV
- D. in the early stages, causes the client to gain weight and be short of breath
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because tuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs. Clients taking immunosuppressant medications have weakened immune systems, making them more susceptible to developing active tuberculosis. This is due to the fact that the immune system is less able to fight off the bacteria causing tuberculosis. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because tuberculosis is not spread by persons with positive skin tests and no symptoms, it is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) not a virus related to HIV, and it typically causes weight loss and not weight gain in the early stages.
Which common cognitive impairment is often mistaken for normal aging in older adults?
- A. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
- B. Alzheimer's disease
- C. Dementia with Lewy bodies
- D. Vascular dementia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MCI is often mistaken for normal aging because it involves subtle changes in memory and thinking abilities that are beyond what is expected for age but not severe enough to be classified as dementia. Individuals with MCI may experience forgetfulness or difficulty with complex tasks, which can be misconstrued as typical age-related changes. Alzheimer's disease (B), dementia with Lewy bodies (C), and vascular dementia (D) are all forms of dementia characterized by more significant cognitive decline and functional impairment compared to MCI, making them less likely to be confused with normal aging.
A family member of a resident in a long-term care facility inquires about the role of gerontological nursing certification. What is the most accurate response the nurse can provide?
- A. Gerontological nursing certification indicates that a nurse has advanced knowledge and skills specifically related to the care of older adults.'
- B. All nurses in long-term care must obtain gerontological certification after completing their initial training.'
- C. Certification in gerontology is only necessary for nurses working in rehabilitation centers.'
- D. Only nurses with a master's degree can achieve certification in gerontology.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gerontological nursing certification indicates that a nurse has advanced knowledge and skills specifically related to the care of older adults. This is accurate because gerontological nursing certification is a voluntary certification that demonstrates a nurse's specialized expertise in caring for the elderly population. Nurses who obtain this certification have undergone additional training and education in gerontological nursing, making them more competent in addressing the unique needs of older adults.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: All nurses in long-term care must obtain gerontological certification after completing their initial training - This is false as gerontological certification is not mandatory for all nurses in long-term care.
C: Certification in gerontology is only necessary for nurses working in rehabilitation centers - This is incorrect as gerontological certification is beneficial for nurses caring for older adults in various settings, not just rehabilitation centers.
D: Only nurses with a master's degree can achieve certification in gerontology - This is not true as nurses with
What is the primary role of the gerontological nurse when providing end-of-life care for a terminally ill older adult?
- A. To offer aggressive curative treatments to extend life
- B. To focus on pain management and comfort care, ensuring dignity
- C. To administer sedatives to prevent distress
- D. To encourage family members to make all decisions for the patient
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer, B, is the primary role of the gerontological nurse when providing end-of-life care for a terminally ill older adult. This choice emphasizes the importance of pain management, comfort care, and preserving the patient's dignity. The nurse's focus should be on enhancing the quality of life and ensuring the patient's comfort rather than pursuing aggressive curative treatments (A). Administering sedatives (C) should be based on individual needs and preferences, not as a blanket approach. While family involvement is crucial, the nurse should still advocate for the patient's autonomy and preferences, rather than solely relying on family decisions (D).
A nurse interviewing a non–English-speaking client with an interpreter should: (Select all that apply.)
- A. Look and speak to the interpreter.
- B. Use technical terminology to ensure accuracy.
- C. Allow more time for the interview.
- D. Watch the client’s nonverbal communication.
Correct Answer: C, D, E
Rationale: The correct answers are C, D, and E. C is crucial as it allows for effective communication, D involves observing nonverbal cues, and E emphasizes the need for clear and concise language. A is incorrect as the nurse should address the client directly, not just the interpreter. B is incorrect as using technical terms may hinder understanding.