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Before a cancer receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) resumes a normal diet, the nurse teaches him about dietary sources of minerals. Which foods are good sources of zinc?
- A. Fruits and yellow vegetables
- B. Fruits and green vegetables
- C. Yeast and legumes
- D. Whole grains and meats
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Whole grains and meats. Zinc is mainly found in animal-based foods like meats and seafood. Meats, particularly red meats, are rich sources of zinc. Whole grains like wheat, rice, and oats also contain zinc. Legumes (Choice C) are sources of other minerals but not high in zinc. Fruits and vegetables (Choices A and B) are not significant sources of zinc. The correct answer provides the best options for the cancer patient to obtain an adequate amount of zinc for recovery.
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Which of the ff nursing interventions ensure that a client with Hodgkin’s disease remains free of infection? Choose all that apply
- A. Apply ice to the skin for brief periods
- B. Provide cool sponge baths
- C. Practice conscientious hand washing
- D. Use cotton gloves Restrict visitors or personnel with infections from contact with the client
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
C: Practice conscientious hand washing is correct as it helps prevent the spread of infection. Proper hand hygiene is essential in reducing the risk of infection transmission to the client with Hodgkin's disease.
A: Apply ice to the skin for brief periods is incorrect as it does not directly relate to preventing infection in the client.
B: Provide cool sponge baths is incorrect as it mainly addresses comfort and hygiene but does not specifically target infection prevention.
D: Use cotton gloves Restrict visitors or personnel with infections from contact with the client is incorrect because while using gloves can help prevent the spread of infection, restricting visitors with infections is not under the direct control of the nurse.
Summary:
Practicing conscientious hand washing is crucial in preventing infection in a client with Hodgkin's disease, while the other choices do not directly address infection control in this context.
Early this morning a client had a subtotal thyroidectomy. During evening rounds, the nurse assesses the client, who has now nausea, a temperature of 105F (40.5C), tachycardia, and extreme restlessness. What is the most likely cause of these signs?
- A. Diabetic ketoacidosis
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Thyroid crisis
- D. Tetany
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Thyroid crisis. These signs suggest thyroid storm, a life-threatening complication of thyroid surgery. The high fever, tachycardia, and restlessness are classic symptoms. Thyroid crisis can lead to severe complications if not managed promptly.
A: Diabetic ketoacidosis typically presents with polyuria, polydipsia, and fruity breath odor.
B: Hypoglycemia would present with symptoms like diaphoresis, tremors, and confusion.
D: Tetany is associated with hypocalcemia and presents with muscle cramps, spasms, and numbness.
Why should the nurse closely monitor older adults when they are receiving IV therapy? Choose all that apply
- A. Because their defense mechanisms are less efficient
- B. Because they are prone to fluid overload
- C. Because they are prone to reduced renal efficiency
- D. Because they have inadequate intake of dietary fiber
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: The correct answer is not provided in the choices. However, if I were to choose from the given options, the most appropriate would be C: "Because they are prone to reduced renal efficiency." This is important because older adults may have decreased kidney function, leading to potential complications with IV therapy. Option A is incorrect as defense mechanisms are not directly related to monitoring IV therapy. Option B is incorrect as fluid overload is a general concern with IV therapy regardless of age. Option D is irrelevant to the need for monitoring IV therapy in older adults.
A client with vaginal cancer asks the nurse, “What is the usual treatment for this type of cancer?” Which treatment should the nurse name?
- A. Surgery
- B. Radiation
- C. Chemotherapy
- D. Immunotherapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Surgery. Surgery is the primary treatment for vaginal cancer, especially for early-stage cases. It involves removing the cancerous tissue from the vagina. Radiation (B) and chemotherapy (C) may also be used in addition to surgery in some cases, but they are not the primary treatment. Immunotherapy (D) is not a standard treatment for vaginal cancer. It is important to prioritize surgery as it directly targets and removes the cancerous cells from the affected area, increasing the chances of successful treatment and recovery.
The nurse begins a shift assessment by examining a surgical dressing that is saturated with serosanguineous drainage on a patient who had open abdominal surgery yesterday (or 1 day ago). Which type of assessment approach is the nurse using?
- A. Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns
- B. Activity-exercise pattern assessment
- C. General to specific assessment
- D. Problem-oriented assessment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: General to specific assessment. In this scenario, the nurse is starting the assessment by examining a specific aspect (surgical dressing with drainage) and will likely proceed to gather more detailed information based on the initial findings. This approach involves moving from a broad overview to specific details, which is essential in assessing postoperative patients for complications.
A: Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns is a comprehensive assessment framework that covers various aspects of an individual's health, not specifically focusing on the progression from general to specific assessments in this situation.
B: Activity-exercise pattern assessment focuses on the patient's activity levels and exercise routines, which is not the primary focus of the scenario described.
D: Problem-oriented assessment is a method that involves identifying and addressing specific health issues or concerns, which is not the primary aim of the assessment approach used by the nurse in this scenario.