Nokea
Besides your urinary system, what other organs in your body help in excretion?
- A. lungs
- B. skin
- C. skin and lungs
- D. none of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Both the lungs (excreting carbon dioxide) and skin (excreting sweat) aid in excretion.
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Optimum pH for salivary amylase
- A. 1.8
- B. 7.8
- C. 6.8
- D. 3.4
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Salivary amylase (ptyalin) works optimally at a pH of around 6.8, close to neutral.
Which process matches the definition: Vomiting - the result of forceful contractions of the diaphragm and abdominal muscles?
- A. Emesis
- B. Peristalsis
- C. Deglutition
- D. Segmentation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Emesis is the medical term for vomiting, involving forceful muscle contractions.
What are the substrate and end-products of digestion by the enzyme lipase?
- A. substrate: triglycerides, end-products: fatty acids and glycerol
- B. substrate: proteins, end-products: amino acids
- C. substrate: carbohydrates, end-products: monosaccharides
- D. substrate: nucleic acids, end-products: nucleotides
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lipase acts on triglycerides, breaking them down into fatty acids and glycerol.
Surface mucous cells show the following EXCEPT:
- A. Found in the isthmus of the fundic glands.
- B. Contain PAS +ve secretory granules.
- C. Secrete acidic mucous.
- D. Continuous with the covering epith of the stomach
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Surface mucous cells secrete neutral to alkaline mucus, not acidic mucus, to protect the gastric mucosa.
A client is to have a sigmoidoscopy to examine the sigmoid area of the gastrointestinal system. In teaching the client about the procedure, the nurse would explain that the purpose of the procedure is to examine the:
- A. Distal large intestine
- B. Stomach and small intestine
- C. Liver
- D. Pancreas
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A sigmoidoscopy examines the sigmoid colon, part of the distal large intestine.