Nokea
Beta blockers are the drugs of choice for exertional angina because they:
- A. Improve myocardial oxygen supply by vasodilating the coronary arteries
- B. Decrease myocardial oxygen demand by decreasing heart rate and vascular resistance
- C. Both 1 and 2
- D. Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta blockers reduce oxygen demand by lowering heart rate and resistance, not by vasodilation.
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An older client recently has been taking cimetidine (Tagamet). The nurse monitors the client for which most frequent central nervous system side effect of this medication?
- A. Tremors
- B. Dizziness
- C. Confusion
- D. Hallucinations
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cimetidine is a histamine 2 (H2)-receptor antagonist. Older clients are especially susceptible to central nervous system side effects of cimetidine. The most frequent of these is confusion. Less common central nervous system side effects include headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and hallucinations.
A charge nurse is planning a staff education session to discuss medications used during the care of a client experiencing alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following medications should the charge nurse include in the discussion?
- A. Lorazepam
- B. Prednisolone
- C. Disulfiram
- D. Naltrexone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lorazepam and diazepam manage withdrawal symptoms; disulfiram and naltrexone are for maintenance.
After administering a medication, for what would the nurse assess the patient?
- A. Drug effects
- B. Allergies
- C. Pregnancy
- D. Preexisting conditions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After the medication is administered, the nurse assesses the patient for drug affects, both therapeutic and adverse. The nurse would assess the patient for allergies, preexisting conditions, and pregnancy before administering a medication.
A patient who has oral candidiasis will begin using nystatin suspension to treat the infection. What information will the nurse include when teaching this patient?
- A. Coat the buccal mucosa with the drug and then rinse your mouth
- B. Gargle with the nystatin and then spit it out without swallowing
- C. Mix the suspension with 4 ounces of water and then drink it
- D. Swish the liquid in your mouth and then swallow after a few minutes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nystatin should coat the mouth and be swallowed for oral candidiasis; spitting or rinsing reduces efficacy. Patients should be taught to swish the suspension in the mouth to coat the tongue and buccal mucosa and then swallow the medication.
A characteristic that distinguishes true receptors from other drug binding sites present in blood and other biological tissues is the characteristic of:
- A. binding affinity
- B. reversible binding
- C. signal transduction
- D. stereoselective interaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reversible binding is a key feature of true receptors, distinguishing them from non-specific binding sites like plasma proteins.