Multiple Choice Questions and Answers on Respiratory System

Multiple Choice Questions and Answers on Respiratory System Related

Review Multiple Choice Questions and Answers on Respiratory System related questions and content

Blocking afferent action potentials from the chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies would interfere with the brain's ability to regulate breathing in response to

  • A. changes in PCO2
  • B. changes in PCO2
  • C. changes in pH
  • D. changes in blood pressure
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: changes in PCO2. Chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies detect levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH in the blood. Blocking afferent action potentials from these chemoreceptors would specifically interfere with detecting changes in PCO2, as these receptors primarily respond to alterations in CO2 levels. This interference would disrupt the brain's ability to regulate breathing in response to changes in PCO2, leading to potential respiratory problems. Choices A and C are incorrect because chemoreceptors primarily respond to CO2 levels, not O2 or pH. Choice D is incorrect because changes in blood pressure are primarily detected by baroreceptors, not chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies.

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What does the nurse include when planning for postural drainage for the patient with COPD?

  • A. Schedules the procedure 1 hour before and after meals
  • B. Has the patient cough before positioning to clear the lungs
  • C. Assesses the patient’s tolerance for dependent (head-down) positions
  • D. Ensures that percussion and vibration are performed before positioning the patient
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When planning for postural drainage for a patient with COPD, assessing the patient's tolerance for dependent positions is crucial as it helps ensure the safety and effectiveness of the procedure. Positioning the patient appropriately is key in promoting drainage and improving respiratory function.

The client with COPD tells the nursing assistant that she did not get her annual flu shot this year and has not had a pneumonia vaccination. You will be sure to instruct the nursing assistant to report which of the following?

  • A. Blood pressure 152/84
  • B. Respiratory rate 27/minute
  • C. Heart rate 92/minute
  • D. Oral temperature 101.2°F
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. A fever of 101.2°F is significant and warrants immediate reporting. Blood pressure (A), respiratory rate (B), and heart rate (C) are within normal limits for someone with COPD.

Residual volume of the lung is

  • A. 1200 ml
  • B. 1500 ml
  • C. 4500 ml
  • D. 500 ml
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1200 ml. Residual volume is the amount of air left in the lungs after maximum expiration. It is around 1200 ml because it cannot be exhaled due to lung elasticity. Choice B (1500 ml) is incorrect as it is higher than the normal range. Choice C (4500 ml) is incorrect as it is too high for residual volume. Choice D (500 ml) is incorrect as it is too low for residual volume.

A nurse cares for a client who had a bronchoscopy 2 hours ago. The client asks for a drink of water. What action would the nurse take next?

  • A. Call the primary health care provider and request food and water for the client.
  • B. Provide the client with ice chips instead of a drink of water.
  • C. Assess the client's gag reflex before giving any food or water.
  • D. Let the client have a small sip to see whether he or she can swallow.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assess the client's gag reflex before giving any food or water. After a bronchoscopy, the client's gag reflex may be compromised, increasing the risk of aspiration. Assessing the gag reflex is crucial to ensure the client can safely swallow without the risk of choking or aspirating. This step is essential before providing any food or water to prevent potential complications.

Incorrect Choices:
A: Calling the primary health care provider for food and water is unnecessary as the nurse can make this decision based on assessment.
B: Providing ice chips instead of water does not address the need for assessing the gag reflex before giving any form of intake.
D: Letting the client have a small sip without assessing the gag reflex first can pose a risk of aspiration if the reflex is impaired.

The patient with asthma is prescribed a leukotriene modifier drug, montelukast (Singulair).
Which statement describes an advantage of this medication?

  • A. Limited gastrointestinal (GI) side effects
  • B. Bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory effects
  • C. Stringent control of acute episodes of asthma
  • D. Ability to replace all other asthma remedies
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because montelukast is a leukotriene modifier that works by reducing inflammation and promoting bronchodilation in asthma patients. This helps in managing asthma symptoms and improving lung function.

A is incorrect because montelukast can cause mild GI side effects such as nausea and diarrhea. C is incorrect because while montelukast helps in controlling asthma symptoms, it does not provide immediate relief during acute episodes. D is incorrect because montelukast is typically used as an add-on therapy and not as a replacement for all other asthma medications.

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