Nokea
Blood from the intestines travels to the liver via the:
- A. hepatic artery
- B. mesenteric artery
- C. hepatic vein
- D. hepatic portal vein
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The hepatic portal vein carries nutrient-rich blood from the intestines to the liver for processing before it enters systemic circulation.
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What is the word to describe the breaking up of large fat droplets into smaller ones?
- A. Catabolism
- B. Lipidolysis
- C. Lysolipidisation
- D. Emulsification
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Emulsification is the process of breaking large fat droplets into smaller ones, typically by bile salts, to aid digestion.
A client is to have a colostomy formed in the descending colon just below the splenic flexure. The nurse expects that the stoma will be positioned in which anatomic location?
- A. Right upper quadrant
- B. Right lower quadrant
- C. Left upper quadrant
- D. Left lower quadrant
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The splenic flexure is on the left side near the spleen, and the descending colon is in the left upper quadrant.
When a person eats some egg white, protein and water enter the stomach. Which substances are found leaving the stomach and leaving the small intestine?
- A. leaving the stomach: amino acids and water, leaving the small intestine: amino acids and water
- B. leaving the stomach: fatty acids, glycerol, and water, leaving the small intestine: fatty acids, glycerol, and water
- C. leaving the stomach: protein and water, leaving the small intestine: fatty acids and glycerol
- D. leaving the stomach: protein, amino acids, and water, leaving the small intestine: water
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proteins are partially digested in the stomach and converted to amino acids in the small intestine.
The nurse is caring for a client who is returning from the operating room following a cholecystectomy, or removal of the gallbladder. The nurse knows that the function of the gallbladder is to:
- A. Manufacture bile
- B. Concentrate bile
- C. Remove toxins from the blood
- D. Make albumin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The gallbladder concentrates and stores bile produced by the liver.
Based on knowledge of the pancreas's role in digestion, what substance produced by the pancreas may be required as a supplement for long-term health management after its surgical removal?
- A. Pancreatic enzymes
- B. Vitamin B12
- C. Gastrin
- D. Bile salts
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pancreatic enzyme supplements are needed post-pancreatectomy to aid digestion.