Nokea
Building a tower by a 22-month-old child requires
- A. visual-motor coordination
- B. uses visual and motor skills in combination
- C. gross and fine motor coordination
- D. symbolic thought
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tower building primarily involves visual-motor coordination.
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All the following are true about infant sleep between 2-6 months EXCEPT
- A. total sleep hours are about 14-16 hr/24 hr
- B. sleeps about 9-10 hr concentrated at night
- C. sleeps 2 naps/day
- D. the sleep cycle time is similar to that of adults
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infant sleep cycles differ significantly from adult patterns.
What is the care priority for a newborn with bladder exstrophy and a malformed pelvis?
- A. Change the diaper frequently and assess for skin breakdown.
- B. Keep the exposed bladder open in a warm, dry environment.
- C. Offer formula for growth and fluid management.
- D. Cluster care to allow the child uninterrupted sleep and strength for upcoming surgical repair.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Minimizing disturbances (clustering care) helps prevent infection and allows the infant to conserve energy before surgical repair.
A 5-year-old girl Hannah is recently diagnosed with Kawasaki disease. Apart from the identified symptoms of the disease, she may also likely develop which of the following?
- A. Sepsis
- B. Meningitis
- C. Mitral valve disease
- D. Aneurysm formation 45
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kawasaki disease is an inflammatory condition that primarily affects medium-sized blood vessels, including the coronary arteries. If not promptly and effectively treated, about 25% of untreated cases can lead to the development of coronary artery aneurysms. These aneurysms can increase the risk of serious complications such as myocardial infarction and sudden death. Therefore, it is crucial to closely monitor and manage the cardiovascular complications in patients with Kawasaki disease, particularly the risk of aneurysm formation.
Mr. Umali, 52-year-old male is being evaluated for acute ulcerative colitis. im preparing Mr. Umali for a barium enema, the nurse can expect that he will be:
- A. contraindicated with cathartics
- B. given an oil retention enema the morning of the study
- C. instructed to swallow six radiopaque tablets the evening before the study
- D. positioned in ahigh fowler's position immediately following the procedure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In preparing a 52-year-old male patient like Mr. Umali for a barium enema to evaluate acute ulcerative colitis, the nurse can expect that he will be contraindicated with cathartics. Cathartics, which are substances that induce bowel movements, are generally contraindicated in patients being evaluated for acute colitis as they can exacerbate the condition and cause additional discomfort. In contrast, using oil retention enemas or radiopaque tablets may not be suitable for a patient with acute ulcerative colitis. Positioning in a high Fowler's position following the procedure is not related to the preparation for a barium enema in this case.
An agitated, confused client arrives in the emergency department. The client's history includes type 1 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and angina pectoris. Assessment reveals pallor, diaphoresis, headache, and intense hunger. A stat blood glucose sample measures 42mg/dl, and the client is treated for an acute hypoglycemic reaction. After recovery, the nurse teaches the client to treat hypoglycemia by ingesting:
- A. 2 to 5 of a simple carbohydrate.
- B. 18 to 20 g of a simple carbohydrat
- C. 10 to 15 g of a simple carbohydrate.
- D. 25 to 30 g of a simple carbohydrate.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When treating hypoglycemia, it is important to provide a quick source of sugar to raise blood glucose levels rapidly. Consuming 10 to 15 grams of a simple carbohydrate is appropriate for treating mild to moderate hypoglycemia. Examples of foods that contain approximately 10 to 15 grams of simple carbohydrates include four glucose tabs, 4 ounces of fruit juice, 5 to 6 pieces of hard candy, or 1 tablespoon of honey. It is also recommended to recheck blood glucose levels after 15 minutes and have a snack or meal to prevent glucose levels from dropping again.