Nokea
Causes of uveitis include:
- A. Diabetes
- B. Behçet's disease
- C. Ankylosing spondylitis
- D. Rheumatic fever
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Behçet's disease, a systemic vasculitis, is a known cause of uveitis, an inflammation of the uvea in the eye.
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A chest radiograph film is ordered for a child with suspected cardiac problems. The child’s parent asks the nurse, “What will the radiograph show about the heart?†What knowledge about the x-ray should the nurse include in the response to the parents?
- A. Bones of chest but not the heart
- B. Measurement of electrical potential generated from heart muscle
- C. Permanent record of heart size and configuration
- D. Computerized image of heart vessels and tissues
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A chest radiograph will provide information on the heart size and pulmonary blood-flow patterns. It will provide a baseline for future comparisons. The heart will be visible, as well as the sternum and ribs. Electrocardiography (ECG) measures the electrical potential generated from heart muscle. Echocardiography will produce a computerized image of the heart vessels and tissues by using sound waves.
Fluids are restricted to 1,500 ml daily for a male client with acute kidney injury (AKI). He is frustrated and complaining of constant thirst, and the nurse discovers that the family is providing the client with additional fluids. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Remove all sources of liquids from the client's room
- B. Allow family to give client a measured amount of ice chips
- C. Restrict family visiting until the client's condition is stable
- D. Provide the client with oral swabs to moisten his mouth
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oral swabs can help alleviate thirst without increasing fluid intake, which is restricted in AKI.
Causes of a dilated renal pelvis in a foetal scan include:
- A. Normal variant
- B. Vesico-ureteric reflux
- C. Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction
- D. Multicystic kidney
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A dilated renal pelvis can be a normal variant in a foetal scan, often resolving spontaneously without intervention.
In 90% of cases of endocarditis, the causative agent is recovered from the first 2 blood cultures. Antimicrobial pretreatment of the patient reduces the yield of blood cultures to
- A. 10%
- B. 20%
- C. 30%
- D. 40%
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antimicrobial pretreatment can significantly reduce the yield of blood cultures, often to 10-20%.
Inability to do which of the following in a 20-month child is cause for concern?
- A. Speak in clear two to three word phrases
- B. Walk unaided
- C. Kick a ball
- D. Build a tower of 8 blocks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inability to walk unaided by 20 months is a red flag for developmental delay. Other skills are more variable and less concerning if delayed.