Nokea
Chlorpropamide metabolism is enhanced by
- A. Ethyl alcohol
- B. Diazepam
- C. Lorazepam
- D. Chloridazepoxide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ethyl alcohol induces hepatic enzymes, enhancing the metabolism of chlorpropamide, a sulfonylurea antidiabetic drug.
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A 27-year-old man is admitted to the emergency department (ED) after a serious motorcycle accident. The patient has a head injury, abrasions covering the left side of his body, a broken left femur, and internal injuries that are not fully assessed at this time. He is transferred from the ED to the intensive care unit (ICU). The nurse who is going to care for this patient in the ICU knows that a priority responsibility in regard to drug therapy is what?
- A. Support vital functions
- B. Continue curative treatment
- C. Institute life-saving treatment
- D. Monitor patient's response
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monitoring response ensures therapy adjusts to the patient's critical condition, a priority in ICU.
A patient who is taking metronidazole (Flagyl) reports reddish-brown urine. Which action will the nurse take?
- A. Obtain an order for BUN and creatinine levels
- B. Reassure the patient that this is a harmless effect
- C. Request an order for a urinalysis
- D. Test her urine for occult blood
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reddish-brown urine is a benign metronidazole side effect; no labs are needed. Reddish-brown urine is a harmless side effect of metronidazole and is not cause for concern.
The nurse is caring for a client who has a nasogastric tube in place. The client is to receive an oral medication through the tube. Which action by the nurse would be most appropriate? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Not diluting liquids prior to administration
- B. Checking the tube for placement
- C. Dissolving crushed tablets in water prior to administration
- D. Flushing the tube with water after drugs are administered
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Before administration of an oral drug through an NG tube or gastrostomy tube, the nurse should check the tube for placement, dilute and flush liquid drugs through the tube, crush tablets and dissolve them in water before administering them through the tube, and flush the tube with water after the drugs are placed in the tube to clear the tubing completely.
Which of the following is short acting insulin?
- A. Regular insulin
- B. Insulin
- C. Insulin detemir
- D. Insulin glargine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular insulin is a short-acting insulin with a rapid onset and short duration, used to manage postprandial glucose spikes.
All the following induce hepatic enzymes except
- A. Rifampicin
- B. Phenytoin
- C. Barbiturates
- D. Tolbutamide
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tolbutamide does not significantly induce enzymes; others do.