Nokea
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is produced in the:
- A. duodenum.
- B. stomach.
- C. pancreas.
- D. liver.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is produced in the duodenum, not the stomach, pancreas, or liver. It is released in response to the presence of food in the duodenum, where it plays a crucial role in regulating digestive processes by stimulating the release of bile from the gallbladder and enzymes from the pancreas. Therefore, the correct answer is the duodenum (Choice A). Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because CCK is not produced in the stomach, pancreas, or liver.
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Which hormone prevents excessive gastric activity?
- A. Gastrin
- B. Enterogastrone
- C. Secretin
- D. Cholecystokinin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Enterogastrone. Enterogastrone is a hormone that inhibits excessive gastric activity by slowing down stomach contractions and emptying. Gastrin (choice A) stimulates gastric acid secretion, secretin (choice C) regulates pH levels in the duodenum, and cholecystokinin (choice D) stimulates the release of digestive enzymes and bile.
The hormone secretin stimulates production of a buffering solution for the duodenum by the:
- A. stomach.
- B. liver.
- C. pancreas.
- D. oxyntic cells.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: pancreas. Secretin stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate, which acts as a buffering solution to neutralize the acid entering the duodenum from the stomach. This process helps in maintaining the pH balance in the small intestine. Choice A, stomach, is incorrect as the stomach does not produce the buffering solution needed for the duodenum. Choice B, liver, is incorrect because secretin does not directly stimulate the liver to produce a buffering solution. Choice D, oxyntic cells, is also incorrect as these cells in the stomach are responsible for producing gastric acid, not the buffering solution needed in the duodenum.
Which of the following is one of the simplest amino acids?
- A. Arginine
- B. Valine
- C. Lysine
- D. Glycine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Where are the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands found?
- A. mouth
- B. stomach
- C. pancreas
- D. duodenum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands are the main salivary glands located in the mouth. They play a crucial role in producing saliva, which aids in digestion. The stomach (choice B) is where gastric juices are produced, the pancreas (choice C) secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine, and the duodenum (choice D) is the first part of the small intestine where most chemical digestion occurs. Therefore, the correct answer is the mouth (choice A) as it is where these salivary glands are situated.
What is the main constituent of blood plasma, interstitial fluid, and intracellular fluid?
- A. potassium
- B. sodium
- C. water
- D. calcium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: water. Water is the main component of blood plasma, interstitial fluid, and intracellular fluid. It plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including transporting nutrients, regulating body temperature, and maintaining cell structure. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because while potassium, sodium, and calcium are essential electrolytes found in the body, they are not the main constituents of these fluids as water is.