Nokea
Choose an antihypertensive agent that is most likely to produce tachycardia, fluid retention and hirsutism?
- A. Captopril
- B. Guanethidine
- C. Minoxidil
- D. Prazosin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Minoxidil causes reflex tachycardia, fluid retention, and hirsutism.
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The nurse, working on the maternity unit, receives a call from a pregnant woman asking how she can know whether a medication is safe to take while pregnant. What is the nurses best response?
- A. You can take any drug indicated as a Category A.
- B. No medications should be taken during pregnancy.
- C. Never take medication until you receive approval from your health care provider.
- D. Most medications are safe but you need to weigh benefit against risk.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The best response to a pregnant woman asking about medication usage is to talk with her obstetric practitioner because the best advice will come from someone who knows their health and pregnancy history. While Category A drugs have no known risk, they may be contraindicated by the woman's health condition or pregnancy issues and many pregnant women would not know what it means to be a Category A drug. Medications can be helpful during pregnancy if taken safely and appropriately. Although risk benefit needs to be weighed, it should occur with advice from the obstetric practitioner.
Patients who have a poor metabolism phenotype will have:
- A. Slowed metabolism of a prodrug into an active drug, leading to accumulation of prodrug
- B. Accumulation of inactive metabolites of drugs
- C. A need for increased dosages of medications
- D. Increased elimination of an active drug
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Poor metabolizers (e.g., CYP2D6) slowly convert prodrugs to active forms , causing prodrug buildup, not metabolite accumulation or faster elimination .
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for Amitriptyline for treatment of depression. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Expect therapeutic effects in 24 to 48 hr.
- B. Discontinue the medication after a week of improved mood.
- C. Change positions slowly to minimize dizziness.
- D. Decrease injury from the first dose.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Slow position changes prevent dizziness, and chewing gum relieves dry mouth, common with tricyclics like amitriptyline.
Which of the following two cyclooxygenase isoenzymes is constitutively expressed?
- A. COX-1
- B. COX-2
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: COX-1 is constitutively expressed in most tissues, maintaining normal functions, unlike inducible COX-2.
No physical dependence is seen in:
- A. Dextropropoxyphene
- B. Fortwin
- C. Fluoxetine
- D. Alprax
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fluoxetine (SSRI) has no physical dependence; others do.