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ChooseMyPlate.gov recommends which of the following?
- A. Two cups of each of the five food groups at each meal
- B. 1/2-plate fruits and vegetables, 1/2-plate grains and protein foods, and a serving of dairy
- C. 1/2-plate protein, 1/6-plate vegetables, 1/6-plate fruits, 1/6-plate grains, and tea to drink
- D. More refined grains and simple carbohydrates than protein and fruit
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ChooseMyPlate.gov suggests a balanced plate with half fruits/vegetables, half grains/protein, and dairy.
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Provide two examples of pairing incomplete protein food sources that will meet an individual's protein requirements.
- A. Rice and beans
- B. Peanut butter and whole wheat bread
- C. Pasta and cheese
- D. Hummus and pita bread
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Rice and beans or peanut butter and whole wheat bread combine complementary amino acids to form complete proteins.
Small amounts of electrolytes and nutrients - and most of the water-are absorbed by the
- A. Stomach.
- B. Duodenum.
- C. Jejunum.
- D. Colon and rectum.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The colon and rectum primarily absorb water and some electrolytes, finalizing the absorption process.
Which of the following groups of individuals require the highest level of water intake for optimal health?
- A. Infants
- B. Sedentary adult women
- C. Pregnant women
- D. Elderly men
- E. Nursing mothers
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Nursing mothers require higher water intake to support milk production and maintain hydration.
It is recommended that women who may become or are pregnant should consume adequate
- A. Synthetic folic acid daily from fortified foods or supplements.
- B. Enhancers of iron absorption, such as vitamin C-rich foods.
- C. Food forms of folic acid such as enriched grains, beans, peas, and oranges.
- D. Foods high in heme-iron, iron-rich plant foods, or iron-fortified foods.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Synthetic folic acid and food sources of folate are critical for preventing neural tube defects in early pregnancy.
Which of the following nutrients cannot be digested and retain their original chemical identities in the body?
- A. Vitamins
- B. Proteins
- C. Minerals
- D. Fats
- E. Simple carbohydrates
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Minerals are not broken down during digestion and retain their chemical structure in the body.