Nokea
Salivary amylase begins to break down
- A. Proteins.
- B. Fat.
- C. Simple carbohydrates.
- D. Complex carbohydrates.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Salivary amylase (ptyalin) breaks down complex carbohydrates like starches into simpler sugars in the mouth.
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It is recommended that women who may become or are pregnant should consume adequate
- A. Synthetic folic acid daily from fortified foods or supplements.
- B. Enhancers of iron absorption, such as vitamin C-rich foods.
- C. Food forms of folic acid such as enriched grains, beans, peas, and oranges.
- D. Foods high in heme-iron, iron-rich plant foods, or iron-fortified foods.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Synthetic folic acid and food sources of folate are critical for preventing neural tube defects in early pregnancy.
Which statements about body mass index (BMI) are accurate?
- A. It is a useful tool when evaluating a person's health risk.
- B. Exceptions to using BMI accurately include nonathletic people and pregnant women.
- C. It is the best tool as an indicator of obesity in the general population.
- D. People whose BMI is between 25 and 29.9 are considered obese.
- E. People whose BMI is below 18.5 are generally considered underweight.
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: BMI is useful for assessing health risks, and a BMI below 18.5 indicates underweight. BMI 25-29.9 is overweight, not obese.
What nutrient, supplement, or type of food can you teach the patient to use to enhance the absorption of iron?
- A. B vitamins
- B. Vitamin C supplements
- C. Calcium
- D. Yellow vegetables
- E. Citrus fruits
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Vitamin C, found in supplements and citrus fruits, enhances non-heme iron absorption by reducing it to a more absorbable form.
Provide two examples of pairing incomplete protein food sources that will meet an individual's protein requirements.
- A. Rice and beans
- B. Peanut butter and whole wheat bread
- C. Pasta and cheese
- D. Hummus and pita bread
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Rice and beans or peanut butter and whole wheat bread combine complementary amino acids to form complete proteins.
The estimated calorie requirements established in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2015-2020, are based on which of the following?
- A. Age, gender, and activity
- B. Weight and percentage of body fat
- C. Weight and height
- D. An average of all sizes and ages
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calorie needs are tailored to age, gender, and activity level for personalized recommendations.