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Client has undergone Upper GI and Lower GI series. Which type of health assessment framework is used in this situation?
- A. Functional health framework
- B. Head to toe framework
- C. Body system framework
- D. Cephalocaudal framework
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Upper and Lower GI series use a body system framework (C), targeting digestive system, per assessment types. Functional (A) assesses ADLs, head-to-toe (B) and cephalocaudal (D) are physical sweeps. C fits organ focus, making it correct.
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An adult client is on extreme pain. He is moaning and grimacing. What is the best way to assess the client's pain?
- A. Perform physical assessment
- B. Have the client rate his pain on the smiley pain rating scale
- C. Active listening on what the patient says
- D. Observe the client's behavior
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rating pain on a smiley scale (B) is best for an adult in extreme pain; it quantifies subjective experience, per pain assessment tools. Physical assessment (A) is secondary, listening (C) misses rating, observing (D) lacks precision. B captures intensity, making it correct.
Which of the following statement best describe incident reporting?
- A. Hiding errors
- B. Reporting adverse events
- C. A patient task
- D. A routine check
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Incident reporting is reporting adverse events (B), per nursing e.g., falls logged. Not hiding (A), not task (C), not routine (D) safety-focused. B best defines its role, improving Mr. Gary's care safety, making it correct.
Application of force to another person without lawful justification is
- A. Battery
- B. Negligence
- C. Tort
- D. Crime
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Battery is the intentional, unconsented physical contact, like striking a patient, a civil tort with legal repercussions. Negligence is unintentional harm, tort is a broader category, and crime involves criminal law. Nurses avoid battery by obtaining consent, respecting autonomy, as violations breach ethical and legal standards, risking lawsuits or discipline.
A framework for health assessment that evaluates the effects of stressors to the mind, body and environment in relation with the ability of the client to perform ADL.
- A. Functional health framework
- B. Head to toe framework
- C. Body system framework
- D. Cephalocaudal framework
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Functional health framework (A) assesses stressors on mind, body, and environment re: ADLs, per Gordon's model. Head-to-toe (B), body system (C), and cephalocaudal (D) focus physical order, not function. A matches description, making it correct.
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being not merely the absence of disease or infirmity;
- A. World Diabetes Federation (WDF)
- B. International Council of Nursing (ICN)
- C. American Nurses Association (ANA)
- D. World Health Organization(WHO)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as 'complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease,' established in 1948. This holistic view shapes global health policy and nursing e.g., addressing mental health alongside infections. The World Diabetes Federation focuses on diabetes, not broad definitions. The International Council of Nurses supports practice standards, not health definitions. The American Nurses Association governs U.S. nursing, adopting WHO's view, not originating it. WHO's authoritative, universal definition drives health promotion, making it the source here.