Nokea
Clinical dosing of Bethanechol:
- A. Begins at the highest effective dose to obtain a rapid response
- B. Starts at 5 mg to 10 mg PO and is repeated every hour until a satisfactory clinical response is achieved
- C. Requires dosing only once daily
- D. Is the same for both the oral and parenteral route
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bethanechol is titrated hourly from 5-10 mg to achieve the desired effect.
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AH are prodrugs except
- A. Enalapril
- B. Paracetamol
- C. Sulphamethoxazole
- D. Trimethoprim
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Enalapril is a prodrug; paracetamol, sulphamethoxazole, and trimethoprim are active drugs.
Which of the following inhibit production of triiodethyronine (T4) from tetraiodethyronine (T3)?
- A. Iodides
- B. Thiocyanate
- C. Perchlorate
- D. Amiodarone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Amiodarone inhibits the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, reducing active thyroid hormone levels.
Milk and other foods that alkalinize the urine may:
- A. Result in basic drugs, being, reabsosibet in
- B. Increase the elimination of basic drugs in the urine
- C. Decrease the elimination of acidic drugs
- D. Not alter drug elimination due to the minimal change in urine pH
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alkalinizing urine increases ionization of acidic drugs, reducing their reabsorption and thus decreasing elimination.
Pharmacoeconomics is:
- A. The study of the part of the U.S. economy
- B. The study of the impact of prescription drug costs on the overall economy
- C. The analysis of the costs and consequences of any health-care-related treatment or service
- D. The analysis of the clinical efficacy of the drug
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pharmacoeconomics evaluates costs and outcomes of health-care interventions.
Education of patients who are taking warfarin includes discussing their diet. Instructions include:
- A. Avoiding all vitamin K-containing foods
- B. Avoiding high-vitamin K-containing foods
- C. Increasing intake of iron-containing foods
- D. Making sure they eat 35 grams of fiber daily
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High vitamin K foods antagonize warfarin; total avoidance is unnecessary, and iron or fiber aren't relevant.