Nokea
Clinical manifestations of sodium excess (hypernatremia) include which signs or symptoms?
- A. Hyperreflexia
- B. Abdominal cramps
- C. Cardiac dysrhythmias
- D. Dry, sticky mucous membranes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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When describing play by the school-aged child to a group of nursing students, the instructor would emphasize the need for which of the following?
- A. Recreation
- B. Ritualism
- C. Physical activity
- D. Rules
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Rules. When discussing play in school-aged children, rules are essential as they help in structuring games and social interactions. Rules provide a framework for play, ensuring fairness and cooperation among children. Choice A, recreation, is too broad and doesn't specifically address the importance of rules in play. Choice B, ritualism, is unrelated to the concept of play in school-aged children. Choice C, physical activity, is important for overall health but doesn't capture the specific aspect of rules that are crucial in the play of school-aged children.
What does the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend as the best form of infant nutrition?
- A. Exclusive breastfeeding until 1 year of age
- B. Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age
- C. Commercially prepared infant formula until 1 year of age
- D. Commercially prepared infant formula until 4 to 6 months of age
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The American Academy of Pediatrics advocates for exclusive breastfeeding until 1 year of age as the best form of infant nutrition. Breastfeeding for the first year of life provides optimal nutrition and benefits for the infant. Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age is not in line with the AAP's recommendation for a full year. While commercially prepared infant formula is an alternative if breastfeeding is not possible, it is not the preferred choice according to AAP guidelines. The recommendation for commercial infant formula until 1 year of age is not in line with the AAP's stance on the benefits of extended breastfeeding.
What is a physical characteristic of infants whose mothers smoked during pregnancy?
- A. Being large for gestational age
- B. Growth restriction in weight only
- C. Preterm but size appropriate for gestational age
- D. Growth restriction in weight, length, and chest and head circumference
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Growth restriction in weight, length, and chest and head circumference. Infants born to mothers who smoke during pregnancy exhibit growth failure in weight, length, chest, and head circumference. This growth failure is directly related to the number of cigarettes smoked by the mother. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because infants exposed to maternal smoking do not tend to be large for gestational age, experience growth restriction in weight only, or be preterm but size appropriate for gestational age.
Prior to giving a hospitalized pre-schooler an injection, the nurse gives the child's teddy bear a "shot" first. This method is known as:
- A. Critical play
- B. Role play
- C. Diversionary activity
- D. Dramatic play
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dramatic play. Dramatic play involves children acting out experiences to better understand them and reduce fear. In this scenario, by giving the teddy bear a 'shot' first, the nurse is engaging in dramatic play to help the child comprehend and feel more comfortable with the upcoming injection.\n
A: Critical play involves critical thinking and problem-solving, not acting out scenarios.\n
B: Role play typically involves pretending to be someone else, not necessarily acting out a specific experience.\n
C: Diversionary activity aims to distract or redirect attention, which is different from the purpose of dramatic play in this context.
When teaching a mother how to administer eye drops, where should the nurse tell her to place them?
- A. At the lacrimal duct
- B. On the sclera while the child looks to the outside
- C. In the conjunctival sac when the lower eyelid is pulled down
- D. Carefully under the eyelid while it is gently pulled upward
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.