Cognition in older adults: What is true?
- A. "Mild dementia is normal with aging."
- B. "All forms of dementia have the same symptoms."
- C. "Assessment for dementia should be part of routine exams."
- D. "Elders scoring below 27 on the MMSE are unlikely to have cognitive problems."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Regular cognitive assessments help detect changes in function; dementia is not normal with aging.
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A nurse uses ethical reasoning to solve an ethical dilemma. Why would the nurse use this process?
- A. Assists in predicting all of the possible consequences of future actions
- B. Facilitates gathering of the most important information to solve the problem
- C. Considers the importance of caring when solving the problem
- D. Highlights salient aspects of future actions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ethical reasoning helps gather important information and uncover key issues to address moral concerns in health care.
The nurse is caring for a family who has 2-year-old twins. Which of the following health promotion advice would be included in the nurse’s plan of care for this couple?
- A. Wear bicycle helmets for safety.
- B. Use caution around the family swimming pool.
- C. Cross the street at using the crosswalks.
- D. Advocate for the day care to provide adequate socialization.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Two-year-olds are at high risk of wandering into dangerous situations, such as a swimming pool.
A nurse is interviewing members of a substance abuse unit at a local Veterans Administration (VA) hospital. Which of the following parts of a community is the nurse assessing?
- A. Structure of a community
- B. Subsystem of a community
- C. Supra system of a community
- D. Interaction of a community
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The substance abuse unit is a subsystem within the larger community (the VA hospital and its network).
A nurse is using a functional focus to assess a person. Which of the following the nurse be evaluating?
- A. Visual acuity
- B. Pupil reactivity
- C. Ability to drive
- D. The red reflex
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Functional focus involves assessing how visual patterns, such as the ability to drive, impact lifestyle.
Which of the following statements about race and culture in the United States is correct?
- A. The United States ranks 22nd in the world for infant mortality rate.
- B. Ethnic minority populations have higher rates of low-birth-weight infants.
- C. Black infants are more likely to have cleft palates than Native American infants.
- D. Whites have more fraternal twin pregnancies than non-Whites.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ethnic minorities, particularly Black populations, face higher rates of low-birth-weight infants.