Nokea
Cognitive changes include memory problems, confusion, and disorientation. These changes:
- A. Occur in 75% of patients over age 65
- B. Are not a normal part of aging
- C. Are due to enhanced cerebral blood flow
- D. Cause senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cognitive decline is not a normal part of aging; it may indicate underlying conditions such as dementia or Alzheimer's disease. Normal aging involves mild forgetfulness but not significant impairment.
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Which of the following imbalances should the nurse check for in a pregnant client with hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias?
- A. Metabolic acidosis
- B. Hypomagnesemia
- C. Hypernatremia
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypomagnesemia is commonly associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension and can contribute to cardiac dysrhythmias. Magnesium plays a critical role in neuromuscular function and electrolyte balance.
A student nurse arrives on the unit and asks you what the rationale for treatment of withdrawal is. What is the best response?
- A. To protect the patient while the body removes the drug from the patient's bloodstream.
- B. To protect the patient from relapsing during withdrawal.
- C. To treat the patient's psychological dependency on the substance.
- D. To treat the symptoms of withdrawal while the body removes the substance from the patient's bloodstream.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Treating withdrawal symptoms supports physiological stability as the body clears the substance.
Describe the differences in action of SSRIs, SNRIs, and atypical antidepressants.
- A. High blood pressure
- B. Increased heart rate
- C. Decreased oxygen supply
- D. Muscle relaxation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it is the most appropriate response based on physiological and medical principles.
The most important laboratory value to monitor in a patient with heavy bleeding due to fibroids is:
- A. Hemoglobin
- B. Luteinizing hormone
- C. White blood cell count
- D. Potassium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemoglobin levels are critical to assess the severity of blood loss and anemia in patients with heavy bleeding.
An inflammatory bowel disorder in which the patient develops abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, tenesmus (feeling of incomplete defecation), and weight loss is
- A. Crohn's disease.
- B. Diverticulitis.
- C. Ulcerative colitis.
- D. Appendicitis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ulcerative colitis typically presents with these symptoms.