Nokea
Common causes of jaundice in a 12-hour-old neonate include:
- A. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
- B. Rhesus isoimmunisation
- C. Crigler-Najjar syndrome type II
- D. Choledochal cyst
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rhesus isoimmunisation can cause severe hemolysis in neonates, leading to early-onset jaundice within the first 12 hours of life.
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A toddler who has been hospitalized for vomiting due to gastroenteritis is sleeping and difficult to wake up. Assessment reveals: HR: 220 beats per minute (regular) Respiratory rate: 30 per minute BP: 84/52 Capillary refill: 3 seconds Which dysrhythmia does the nurse suspect in this child?
- A. Rapid pulmonary flutter
- B. Sinus bradycardia
- C. Rapid atrial fibrillation
- D. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SVT is typically above 200 beats per minute and can result from dehydration; the rapid rate causes low cardiac output (CO), resulting in low BP and prolonged capillary refill.
Long-chain triglyceride absorption requires:
- A. Intraluminal bile salts
- B. Mixed micelle formation
- C. Intraluminal trypsin
- D. Intact duodenum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mixed micelle formation: The absorption of long-chain triglycerides requires bile salts to form mixed micelles, which facilitate the transport of lipids across the intestinal mucosa.
The healthcare provider prescribes epoetin alfa (Procrit) 8,200 units subcutaneously for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The 2 ml multidose vial is labeled, 'Each 1 ml of solution contains 10,000 units of epoetin alfa.' How many ml should the nurse administer?
- A. 0.8
- B. 8
- D. 1
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To calculate the dose, the nurse must divide the prescribed dose (8,200 units) by the concentration (10,000 units per ml). 8,200 ÷ 10,000 = 0.82 ml, rounded to 0.8 ml.
Sheena, tells the nurse that she wants to begin toilet training her 22-month-old child. The most important factor for the nurse to stress to the mother is:
- A. Developmental readiness of the child
- B. Consistency in approach
- C. The mother’s positive attitude
- D. Developmental level of the child’s peers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Developmental readiness is crucial for successful toilet training, as forcing it before the child is ready can lead to resistance and setbacks.
Causes of a loin mass and haematuria:
- A. Wilm's tumour
- B. Polycystic kidney disease
- C. Pyonephrosis
- D. Renal vein thrombosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wilm's tumour is a common cause of a loin mass and haematuria in children. Polycystic kidney disease and pyonephrosis can also present similarly.