Nokea
Common reasons for doing a BMT in children are:
- A. SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency)
- B. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- C. CML
- D. Gaucher's disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because SCID is a primary indication for bone marrow transplant (BMT) in children. The other options (b-e) are also indications but less common.
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Which of the following statements is true regarding alcohol septal ablation?
- A. Indicated when dynamic LV outflow gradient is more than 50 mm Hg at rest
- B. Targeted septal thickness less than 16 mm is a contraindication
- C. Usually preferred over surgical myomectomy
- D. Reduces risk of sudden death
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alcohol septal ablation is indicated when the dynamic LV outflow gradient is more than 50 mm Hg at rest.
Which statement by a parent of an infant with congestive heart failure (CHF) who is being sent home on digoxin indicates the need for further education?
- A. I will give the medication at regular 12-hour intervals.
- B. If he vomits, I will not give a make-up dose.
- C. If I miss a dose, I will not give an extra dose.
- D. I will mix the digoxin in some formula to make it taste better.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mixing digoxin with formula can lead to incomplete ingestion and inadequate dosing. Digoxin must be given in its entirety at the prescribed times.
Possible causes of isosexual precocious puberty in a 6-year-old girl are:
- A. McCune-Albright syndrome
- B. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
- C. Ovarian tumour
- D. Hypothalamic hamartomas
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypothalamic hamartomas can cause precocious puberty by secreting gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) prematurely.
Congenital complete heart block
- A. Corrected TGA
- B. SLE mother's child
- C. Plonged QT
- D. MgSO4 therapy to mother
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Congenital complete heart block is often associated with mothers who have systemic lupus erythematosus.
Tall (>25 mm), narrow, and spiked P waves are seen in
- A. Ebstein anomaly
- B. ventricular septal defect
- C. patent ductus arteriosus
- D. severe mitral stenosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe mitral stenosis can cause tall, narrow, and spiked P waves due to left atrial enlargement.