Nokea
Criteria of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)?
- A. Wide pulse pressure
- B. Pan-systolic murmur
- C. Right apical impulse
- D. Normal pulmonary venous markings
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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The MOST common cause of obstructive sleep apnea in children is
- A. obesity
- B. allergies
- C. adenotonsillar hypertrophy
- D. craniofacial abnormalities
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The MOST common behavioral sleep disorder in a 4-month-old baby who needs to be rocked to sleep is
- A. early signs of ADHD
- B. primary restless legs syndrome
- C. sleep terrors
- D. sleep-onset association disorder
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The physician orders tests to determine if a client has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which test result confirms SLE?
- A. Increased total serum complement levels
- B. An above-normal anti-deoxyribonucleic
- C. Negative antinuclear antibody test acid
- D. Negative lupus erythematosus cell test
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An above-normal anti-deoxyribonucleic acid (anti-dsDNA) test result confirms systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Anti-dsDNA antibodies are highly specific for SLE and are found in about 70% of individuals with the condition. These antibodies target the genetic material within the cell nucleus and are strongly associated with lupus nephritis, a severe complication of SLE. Therefore, an elevated anti-dsDNA test result would be a key indicator of SLE diagnosis.
The correct site of the paddles of the defibrillator is
- A. At the apex and lower end of sternum
- B. At the apex and the right infraclavicular area
- C. At the apex and the left parasternal area
- D. At the apex and the left infraclavicular area
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Management of hypercalcemia includes all of the following actions except administration of:
- A. Fluid to dilute the calcium levels
- B. The diuretic furosemide (Lasix), without saline, to increase calcium excretion through kidneys
- C. Inorganic phosphate salts
- D. Intravenous phosphate therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While furosemide can increase calcium excretion through the kidneys, it may also exacerbate volume depletion and potentially lead to further increase in serum calcium levels. Therefore, administration of furosemide without proper saline or fluid replacement should be avoided in the management of hypercalcemia. The other options mentioned, such as giving fluids to dilute calcium levels, using inorganic phosphate salts, and providing intravenous phosphate therapy, are all appropriate measures in treating hypercalcemia.