Nokea
Decreased levels of bile salts in the bile would interfere with digestion of:
- A. Fat
- B. Disaccharides
- C. Complex carbohydrates
- D. Protein
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bile salts emulsify fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets to facilitate digestion by lipase enzymes.
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The food mixes thoroughly with acidic gastric juice of the by the churning movement-
- A. Rectum
- B. Duodenum
- C. Stomach
- D. Oesophagus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The stomach churns food with gastric juice to form chyme.
Which division of the Enteric Nervous System is most likely to be stimulated by a pH change in the chyme?
- A. Submucosal Plexus (Meissner plexus)
- B. Myenteric Plexus (Auerbach Plexus)
- C. Both
- D. Neither
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The submucosal plexus regulates secretions and senses luminal pH changes, responding to chyme acidity.
Which structure produces a liquid called chyme to help with the digestive process?
- A. 3
- B. 2
- C. 1
- D. 4
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Structure 3 (stomach) produces chyme by mixing food with gastric juices. (Assuming typical diagram numbering; stomach is often 3.)
Function of HCl in stomach is to-
- A. Kill micro-organism of food
- B. Facilitate absorption of food
- C. Dissolve hormones secreted by gastric glands
- D. Active trypsinogen to trypsin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: HCl kills microorganisms in food, aiding in sterilization.
Zymogen cells of fundic glands show the following EXCEPT:
- A. Secrete gastric lipase
- B. Secrete rennin enzyme
- C. Present in the gland neck
- D. Secrete pepsinogen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Zymogen (chief) cells are located in the body and base of fundic glands, not the neck, and secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase.