Nokea
Derek has recently converted his outdoor garage to a gym. He has been exercising frequently in his new gym due to the convenience, even in the extreme heat. He has started taking salt tablets. The physician thinks his current symptoms may be owing to hypernatremia. His physician recognizes these as:
- A. Cardiac arrhythmias,palpitations and sinus arrest.
- B. Weakness,dizziness,abdominal distention, nausea ,vomiting, and diarrhea.
- C. Weight gain,irritability,muscle twitching and decreased myocardial contractility.
- D. Muscle cramps,malaise,constipation,rhabdomyolysis and pupillary constriction.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Weakness, dizziness, abdominal distention, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea (B). Hypernatremia occurs when there is an excess of sodium in the body, often due to dehydration or excessive salt intake. Symptoms include gastrointestinal disturbances, neurological symptoms like confusion and dizziness, and muscle weakness.
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What symptoms would a nurse suspect in a client with acoustic neuroma?
- A. Altered facial sensation
- B. Vertigo only when standing
- C. Tinnitus in the unaffected ear
- D. Impaired facial movement when smiling
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acoustic neuromas often affect cranial nerve VII, leading to altered facial sensation.
A patient is brought into the ER. The patient's BAL is 0.48 and the patient is unconscious. What is the first thing you do?
- A. Place the patient in a quiet area and wait until the patient begins to sober before continuing your assessment.
- B. Call the ED practitioner immediately.
- C. Administer Narcan to the patient.
- D. Send the patient to ICU immediately.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Immediate notification of the ED practitioner ensures prompt intervention for a life-threatening condition.
A patient scheduled for hip replacement surgery in the early afternoon is NPO but receives and ingests a breakfast tray with clear liquids on the morning of surgery. What response does the nurse expect when the anesthesia care provider is notified?
- A. Surgery will be done as scheduled.
- B. Surgery will be rescheduled for the following day.
- C. Surgery will be postponed for 8 hours after the fluid intake.
- D. A nasogastric tube will be inserted to remove the fluids from the stomach.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clear liquids are generally acceptable up to 2 hours before surgery, allowing the procedure to proceed as planned.
After implementing nursing interventions for a client with anxiety, which expected outcome does the nurse evaluate?
- A. The client avoids all kinds of anxiety-provoking stimuli
- B. The client has no need for written instructions for follow-up care
- C. The client accurately repeats information about the drug therapy
- D. There are no consequences if anxiolytic drug is discontinued suddenly
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Accurate understanding of drug therapy ensures compliance and safety, reducing the risk of adverse effects.
What are clinical manifestations of insomnia (select all that apply)?
- A. Narcolepsy
- B. Fragmented sleep
- C. Long sleep latency
- D. Morning headache
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answers are B, C, and F. Fragmented sleep, long sleep latency, and difficulty concentrating are common symptoms of insomnia. Narcolepsy (A) is unrelated, morning headache (D) can occur but is less common, and daytime sleepiness (E) is more typical of sleep apnea.