Nokea
Describe the purpose and side effects of beta-adrenergic blocking agents.
- A. High blood pressure
- B. Increased heart rate
- C. Decreased oxygen supply
- D. Muscle relaxation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it is the most appropriate response based on physiological and medical principles.
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Stephen Douglas has been in an automobile accident. The most effective IV solution for a patient having hypovolemic shock would be:
- A. hypertonic.
- B. isotonic.
- C. hypotonic.
- D. colloids.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertonic IV fluids would be used to draw fluid off tissue in edematous situations such as third spacing. Isotonic solutions are used to increase intravascular volume, to increase perfusion of vital organs. Hypotonic fluids are used to rehydrate tissue in those with severe, or prolonged fluid deprivation. Colloids increase tonicity of intravascular fluids, pulling water into the vascular system from tissue.
What is the definition of substance abuse?
- A. A compulsive need to experience pleasure
- B. Behavior associated with maintaining an addiction
- C. Absence of a substance will cause withdrawal symptoms
- D. Overuse and dependence on a substance that negatively affects functioning.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Substance abuse involves overuse and dependence on a substance leading to negative impacts on one's life, encompassing both physical and social consequences.
Mary is diagnosed with a brain tumor and is unable to speak. Where is the tumor probably located?
- A. Occipital lobe.
- B. Cerebellum.
- C. Frontal lobe.
- D. Parietal lobe.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The frontal lobe controls speech and language functions.
Priority Decision: The nurse prepares to interview a patient for a nursing history but finds the patient in obvious pain. Which action by the nurse is the best at this time?
- A. Delay the interview until the patient is free of pain.
- B. Administer pain medication before initiating the interview.
- C. Gather as much information as quickly as possible by using closed questions that require brief answers.
- D. Ask only those questions pertinent to the specific problem and complete the interview when the patient is more comfortable.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Delay the interview until the patient is free of pain.' Pain can interfere with concentration and communication, making it difficult for the patient to provide accurate information. Delaying the interview ensures better quality data collection once the patient is comfortable.
A client developed fat embolism syndrome (FES) following a fracture. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Decreased serum calcium level
- B. Decreased level of serum lipids
- C. Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
- D. Increased platelet count
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased serum calcium level. In fat embolism syndrome (FES), fat globules enter the bloodstream and can cause hypocalcemia due to the formation of calcium soaps. This can lead to symptoms such as confusion and tetany. The other choices are incorrect because in FES, there is no direct impact on serum lipids or ESR. Platelet count may be normal or decreased due to the consumption of platelets in the process.