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Diagnostic genetic counseling, for procedures such as amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling, allows clients to make all of the following choices except:
- A. terminating the pregnancy.
- B. preparing for the birth of a child with special needs.
- C. accessing support services before the birth.
- D. completing the grieving process before the birth.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diagnostic genetic counseling provides clients with important information to make informed decisions regarding their pregnancy. Clients can choose to terminate the pregnancy, prepare for the birth of a child with special needs, and access support services before the birth based on the genetic testing results. However, completing the grieving process before the birth is not a typical choice during genetic counseling. The grieving process, if needed, may extend beyond the prenatal period, especially if the findings are concerning or indicate potential issues. Therefore, completing the grieving process before the birth is the exception among the provided options.
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The home health nurse has made a visit to an 85-year-old female client's home who has recently had surgery to replace her left knee. The client has been discharged from a rehab facility and has been able to walk on her own. The nurse assesses the need for teaching related to fall prevention. What should the nurse include in this teaching plan?
- A. The client should remove all scatter rugs from the floor and minimize clutter.
- B. The client should not limit her movement within the home unless advised by the physician.
- C. The client should have a raised toilet seat and grab bars available in the bathroom.
- D. The client should not wear a robe and socks while walking in the house.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to remove all scatter rugs from the floor and minimize clutter. Rugs and clutter are common causes of falls in the home, especially for the elderly or those with gait issues. Removing them can significantly reduce the risk of falls. While having a raised toilet seat and grab bars in the bathroom is important for safety, it is not the priority in this scenario. The client should not limit her movement within the home unless specifically advised by the physician, as maintaining mobility is essential for recovery. Lastly, the client should avoid wearing robes and socks while walking in the house to prevent tripping, slipping, or falling on slippery floors.
Regarding maternal and infant mortality and morbidity, a concern is that:
- A. a segment of the population is not receiving prenatal care.
- B. families may not prioritize quality health care.
- C. there might be an increase in the shortage of personnel in the maternity field.
- D. maternal-child health workers may lack adequate preparation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is that a segment of the population is not receiving prenatal care. This is a significant concern as lack of access to prenatal care can lead to adverse outcomes for both the mother and the infant. Choice B is incorrect as it generalizes families as unconcerned, which may not be the case for all families. Choice C is also incorrect as there is no evidence or indication in the prompt to suggest an increase in the shortage of personnel. Choice D is not directly related to the concern mentioned in the prompt, which specifically focuses on the lack of prenatal care.
A client with massive chest and head injuries is admitted to the ICU from the Emergency Department. All of the following are true except:
- A. The physician in charge of the case is the sole person allowed to decide whether organ donation can occur.
- B. The client's legally responsible party may make the decision for organ donation for the donor if the client is unable to do so.
- C. The organ procurement organization makes the decision regarding which organs to harvest.
- D. The donor (or legally responsible party for the donor), the physician, and the organ-procurement organization are all involved in the process.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: While the physician plays a crucial role in the process of organ donation, they are not the sole decision-maker. The client's legally responsible party may make the decision for organ donation if the client is unable to do so. Additionally, the organ procurement organization is responsible for determining which organs are suitable for donation. Therefore, the statement that the physician in charge is the sole person allowed to decide whether organ donation can occur is incorrect. The correct answer is A. Choices B, C, and D are true statements as they highlight the involvement of the legally responsible party, the organ procurement organization, and the donor/legally responsible party, physician, and organ-procurement organization in the organ donation process respectively.
What is the primary focus of a case manager?
- A. Addressing nursing care needs at discharge.
- B. Managing the comprehensive care needs of the client for continuity of care.
- C. Providing client education needs upon discharge.
- D. Securing financial resources for needed care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Managing the comprehensive care needs of the client for continuity of care.' Case managers oversee all aspects of a client's care to ensure continuity throughout their healthcare journey. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses only on nursing care needs at discharge, which is just a part of the overall care needed. Choice C narrows down the focus to client education needs, excluding other essential care components. Choice D solely considers financial resources, neglecting the broader scope of care needs that a case manager is accountable for.
A healthcare professional is reviewing the health care record of a client who has just undergone an examination of the internal genitalia. Which documented finding indicates an abnormality?
- A. The cervix is pink.
- B. The cervix is midline.
- C. The cervix is about 1 inch in diameter.
- D. Clear secretions with a foul odor are noted on the cervix.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Clear secretions with a foul odor are noted on the cervix.' Normally, the cervix is pink, midline, and about 1 inch in diameter. Depending on the day of the menstrual cycle, secretions may vary. However, they should always be odorless and nonirritating. Secretions with a foul odor are indicative of an infection, making this finding abnormal. Choices A, B, and C describe normal cervix characteristics, so they do not indicate an abnormality in this scenario.