Nokea
Displacement of apex to anterior axillary line
- A. TOF
- B. Truncus arteriosus
- C. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- D. TAPVD
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Truncus arteriosus typically shows displacement of the apex to the anterior axillary line.
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Diamond Blackfan anemia is different from Transient Erythroblastopenia of Childhood as the former has
- A. Increased adenosine deaminase
- B. Mean corpuscular volume is decreased
- C. Female predominance
- D. Antecedent history of viral illness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diamond Blackfan anemia is characterized by increased adenosine deaminase activity, unlike Transient Erythroblastopenia of Childhood.
Which statement by the mother of a child with rheumatic fever (RF) indicates that she has an understanding of prevention for her other children?
- A. “Whenever one of them gets a sore throat, I will give that child an antibiotic.â€
- B. “There is no treatment since it is viral and must run its course.â€
- C. “If their culture is positive for group A streptococcus, I will give them a full course of their antibiotic.â€
- D. “If their culture is positive for staphylococcus A, I will give them a full course of their antibiotic.â€
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A positive culture for group A streptococcus indicates a bacterial infection that requires a full course of antibiotics to prevent rheumatic fever, which can develop as a complication of untreated strep throat.
Diseases that primarily involve the motor unit include:
- A. Werdnig-Hoffman disease
- B. Guillain-Barre syndrome
- C. Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy
- D. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Werdnig-Hoffman disease, also known as spinal muscular atrophy type 1, primarily affects the motor neurons in the spinal cord.
Causes of a discrete osteolytic bone lesion in a two-year-old include:
- A. Rickets
- B. Non-accidental injury
- C. Eosinophilic granuloma
- D. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Eosinophilic granuloma is a benign bone lesion that can present with osteolytic lesions, typically seen in children as part of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Progressive spinal muscular atrophy of infancy presents with:
- A. Severe generalised weakness
- B. Fasciculations in the tongue
- C. Loss of spinothalamic tract function
- D. Spontaneous fibrillation on electromyography
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Progressive spinal muscular atrophy presents with severe weakness and tongue fasciculations. Spinothalamic tract function is preserved, and electromyography shows fibrillation.