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Drug studies generally base the recommended adult dose of a drug needed to reach a critical concentration on what measure?
- A. A 60-year-old man
- B. An average-sized woman
- C. A 150-pound adult male
- D. An obese adult
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drug dosages are often standardized based on a 150-pound adult male as a common reference in pharmacological studies.
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Which source contains information specific to nutritional supplements?
- A. USP Dictionary of USAN & International Drug Names
- B. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database
- C. United States Pharmacopoeia/National Formulary (USP NF)
- D. Drug Interaction Facts
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: United States Pharmacopoeia/National Formulary contains information specific to nutritional supplements. USP Dictionary of USAN & International Drug Names is a compilation of drug names, pronunciation guide, and possible future FDA approved drugs; it does not include nutritional supplements. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database contains evidence-based information on herbal medicines and herbal combination products; it does not include information specific to nutritional supplements. Drug Interaction Facts contains comprehensive information on drug interaction facts; it does not include nutritional supplements.
The health care provider has prescribed silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) for the client with a partial thickness burn, which has cultured positive for gram-negative bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing information to the client about the medication. Which statement made by the client indicates a lack of understanding about the treatments?
- A. The medication is an antibacterial.'
- B. The medication will help heal the burn.'
- C. The medication will permanently stain my skin.'
- D. The medication should be applied directly to the wound.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an antibacterial that has a broad spectrum of activity against gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and yeast. It is applied directly to the wound to assist in healing. It does not stain the skin.
A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure disorder. The medication has a long half-life of 4 days. How many times per day should the nurse expect to administer this medication?
- A. One
- B. Two
- C. Three
- D. Four
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A long half-life of 4 days means the drug remains effective for an extended period, typically requiring once-daily dosing.
What would the nurse provide when preparing a patient for discharge and home medication self-administration?
- A. Personal contact information to use if the patient has questions
- B. Thorough medication teaching about drugs and the drug regimen
- C. Over-the-counter medications to use to treat potential adverse effects
- D. A sample size package of medication to take home until prescription is filled
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is responsible for providing thorough medication teaching about drugs and the drug regimen to ensure the patient knows how to take the medication and when to notify the provider. The nurse never provides personal contact information to a patient. If adverse effects arise, the patient is taught to call the health care provider and should not self-medicate with over-the-counter drugs, which could mask serious symptoms. The nurse never dispenses medication because it must be properly labeled for home use; this is done by the pharmacy.
Conjunctivitis in a child that is accompanied by acute otitis media is treated with:
- A. Sulfacetamide 10% ophthalmic solution (Bleph-10)
- B. Bacitracin/polymyxin B (Polysporin) ophthalmic drops
- C. Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) ophthalmic drops
- D. High-dose oral amoxicillin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Conjunctivitis with otitis suggests bacterial cause (e.g., H. influenzae), treated with oral amoxicillin.