Nokea
Drugs significantly affected by enzyme induction include the following except:
- A. Barbiturate
- B. Chlorpromazine
- C. Diphenyl hydantoin
- D. Warfarin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Barbiturates, phenytoin (diphenyl hydantoin), and warfarin are affected by enzyme induction; chlorpromazine is less so.
You may also like to solve these questions
A nurse is reviewing a client's health record and notes that the client experiences permanent extrapyramidal effects caused by a previous medication. The nurse should recognize that the medication affected which of the following systems in the client?
- A. Cardiovascular
- B. Immune
- C. Central nervous
- D. Gastrointestinal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Extrapyramidal effects are movement disorders caused by medications affecting the central nervous system , like antipsychotics.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been receiving a drug by the intramuscular route but will receive the drug orally after discharge. How does the nurse explain the increased dosage prescribed for the oral dose?
- A. Passive diffusion
- B. Active transport
- C. Glomerular filtration
- D. First-pass effect
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The first-pass effect involves drugs that are absorbed from the small intestine directly into the portal venous system, which delivers the drug molecules to the liver. After reaching the liver, enzymes break the drug into metabolites, which may become active or may be deactivated and readily excreted from the body. A large percentage of the oral dose is usually destroyed and never reaches tissues. Oral dosages account for the phenomenon to ensure an appropriate amount of the drug in the body to produce a therapeutic action. Passive diffusion is the major process through which drugs are absorbed into the body. Active transport is a process that uses energy to actively move a molecule across a cell membrane and is often involved in drug excretion in the kidney. Glomerular filtration is the passage of water and water-soluble components from the plasma into the renal tubule.
Passive monitoring of drug effectiveness includes:
- A. Therapeutic drug levels
- B. Adding or subtracting medications from the treatment regimen
- C. Ongoing provider visits
- D. Instructing the patient to report if the drug is not effective
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Passive monitoring relies on patient feedback, like reporting ineffectiveness , rather than active interventions like levels or visits .
How can the nurse find the most up-to-date information about emergency preparedness related to bioterrorism agents?
- A. Read textbooks devoted to the topic.
- B. Ask coworkers to explain current events.
- C. Read journal articles about bioterrorism agents.
- D. Visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Web site.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most current information will be found on the CDC Web site because new information can be posted immediately whereas textbooks and journal articles take time to print. Coworkers may or may not remain current on emergency preparedness and should not be the primary source of information.
Release of the mineralcorticoids is stimulated with:
- A. Low concentration of \mathrm{Na}+ in the blood
- B. Hypokalemia
- C. Low concentration of angiotensin II in the blood
- D. Low concentration of \mathrm{Mg} 2+ in the blood
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low blood sodium stimulates aldosterone release via the renin-angiotensin system.