Nokea
Drugs that are prone to cause adverse drug effects include:
- A. Diuretics
- B. Inhaled anticholinergics
- C. Insulins
- D. Stimulants
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stimulants frequently cause ADRs (e.g., tachycardia), though diuretics and insulins also have risks; anticholinergics are less broad.
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Which statement is not correct about rosiglitazon:
- A. Enhance insulin production by pancreatic beta cells
- B. Increase senstivitiy towards insulin
- C. Increase uptake of glucose by tissues
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rosiglitazone increases insulin sensitivity, not insulin production, via PPAR-gamma activation.
Drug absorbed by active transport is
- A. Propranolol
- B. Ergotamine
- C. Levodopa
- D. Amantidine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Levodopa uses active transport via amino acid carriers in the gut.
Which of the following is true about procainamide and its dosing schedule?
- A. It produces bradycardia and should be used cautiously in patients with cardiac conditions that a slower heart rate might worsen.
- B. Gastrointestinal adverse effects are common so the drug should be taken with food.
- C. Adherence can be improved by using a sustained release formulation that can be given once daily.
- D. Doses of this drug should be taken evenly spaced around the clock to keep an even blood level.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Even spacing maintains steady procainamide levels.
According to Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations, what is the role of the nurse in preparing for the possibility of bioterrorism?
- A. Post updated information on signs and symptoms of infections caused by biological agents
- B. Provide guidelines for treating patients exposed to, or potentially exposed to, biological agents
- C. Remain current on recognition and treatment of infections caused by biological weapons
- D. Advocate for increased funding for research involving bioterrorism and patient treatment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nurses need to remain current about recognition of and treatment for those exposed to biological weapons because nurses are often called upon to answer questions, reassure the public, offer educational programs, and serve on emergency preparedness committees. The CDC posts updated information on signs and symptoms of infections caused by biological agents that nurses would read. The CDC also provides guidelines for how to treat patients exposed to biological agents and the nurse must remain current on this information. Although nurses could advocate for funding, this is not usually the role of the nurse.
The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred?
- A. Hyperventilation
- B. Elevated blood pressure
- C. Local pain at the burn site
- D. Local rash at the burn site
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal excretion of acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should be monitored for signs of an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe local rather than systemic effects. An elevated blood pressure may be expected from the pain that occurs with a burn injury.