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During a community health screening fair for older adults, a nurse notices a client with pale, bluish feet and sores on both lower extremities that are healing poorly. What should be the nurse's intervention be?
- A. Instruct the client to apply antibiotic ointment to the sores.
- B. Create a list of foods that promote wound healing.
- C. Refer the client to a healthcare provider for a complete evaluation.
- D. Send the client to the emergency department for treatment.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client's symptoms of pale, bluish feet and sores on both lower extremities that are healing poorly suggest a severe and untreated medical condition, possibly related to circulation or skin integrity. Therefore, the nurse should refer the client to a healthcare provider for a complete evaluation.
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The school nurse is conducting an audit of incident reports for adolescent students. Which finding is the best indication that the Healthy People 2030 objectives are being addressed?
- A. The number of requests for pregnancy testing is higher than last year.
- B. Decrease in the number of sick days.
- C. Increase in the number of students participating in physical education.
- D. Improvement in the overall health of the student population.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An improvement in the overall health of the student population is the best indication that the Healthy People 2030 objectives are being addressed. The Healthy People 2030 objectives aim to improve health and well-being nationwide. Therefore, an improvement in the overall health of the student population suggests that these objectives are being met.
A nurse designs a series of four weekly classes for clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which information should the nurse use as an outcome evaluation for the classes?
- A. Discussion of food exchanges and calories was a well-attended class.
- B. Parking convenience for attendees continued to be a major concern.
- C. Demonstrating the use of a blood glucose meter was an effective teaching strategy.
- D. Fasting blood glucose average readings were 20% lower at the end of the classes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fasting blood glucose average readings being 20% lower at the end of the classes is a direct and measurable outcome that indicates improved diabetes control. This suggests that the classes were effective in teaching clients how to better manage their type 2 diabetes.
The community health nurse collaborated with the American Heart Association to launch a comprehensive educational program about strokes and acute coronary syndrome. Which result indicates that the program was successful?
- A. All educational pamphlets prepared for distribution were disseminated among the served counties.
- B. 75% of the workshop attendees rated the educational program as outstanding.
- C. Cardiac-related fatalities decreased by 109% six months after the program's presentation.
- D. 65% of the program's participants committed to adopting a healthier lifestyle.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A decrease in cardiac-related fatalities by 109% six months after the program's presentation is a direct and measurable outcome that indicates the program was successful in its goal to prevent strokes and acute coronary syndrome.
A 23-year-old single mother of three visits the Department of Health walk-in clinic with symptoms of abdominal pain, painful urination, fever, and vaginal discharge. She states that these symptoms began three days ago and she initially thought it was a urinary tract infection (UTI) until the vaginal discharge became purulent and bloody. She reports having three sexual partners over the past 60 days. She has visited the clinic three times in the past 12 months for similar concerns, but no sexually transmitted infections were diagnosed on those three prior visits. Given the history of clinic visits over the past 12 months with similar concerns, the nurse determines that client education should focus on prevention. What type of preventive education should the nurse identify for this client?
- A. Primary prevention, which would include education on safe sex practices.
- B. Secondary prevention, which would include regular screenings for sexually transmitted infections.
- C. Tertiary prevention, which would include education regarding prescribed treatments for sexually transmitted infections.
- D. Quaternary prevention, which would include strategies to avoid unnecessary or harmful interventions.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention includes measures that prevent the occurrence of a specific disease or health condition. In the context of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), primary prevention would involve education on safe sex practices. This could include information on the use of condoms, the importance of regular STI testing, and the risks associated with having multiple sexual partners.
While conducting a head lice screening for third-grade students, the school nurse notices a brownish thickening on the neck of one child. What should be the nurse's response to this observation?
- A. Review the child's medical records for a list of allergies or sensitivities.
- B. Inspect the child's torso and arms for other signs of physical injury.
- C. Advise the parents to start treatment with permethrin.
- D. Recommend the parents to seek further medical evaluation for the child.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Given the observation of a brownish thickening on the neck of the child, it would be appropriate to recommend the parents to seek further medical evaluation for the child. This symptom could be indicative of various conditions, which would require further investigation.