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During a performance appraisal, how should the manager best provide constructive feedback to an employee?
- A. Focus only on the negative aspects of performance
- B. Provide general comments without specifics
- C. Discuss specific examples of strengths and areas for improvement
- D. Delay feedback until the next appraisal period
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During a performance appraisal, the best approach to provide constructive feedback is by discussing specific examples of strengths and areas for improvement. This method allows the employee to understand what they are excelling at and where they need to focus on development. By highlighting both aspects, the employee can work on enhancing their performance effectively. Option A is incorrect because solely focusing on the negative aspects can demotivate the employee and hinder their growth. Option B is incorrect as providing general comments without specifics does not offer clear guidance for improvement. Option D is also incorrect as delaying feedback can prevent timely corrective actions and hinder performance progress.
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Why is increasing the use of advanced practice nurses encouraged?
- A. A 2010 Institute of Medicine report recommended nurses practice to the full extent of their education.
- B. Advanced practice nurses act as an extension of physicians.
- C. The National League for Nursing advocates for the master of science in nursing (MSN) as the terminal degree for nurse practitioners.
- D. Advanced practice nurses lack the skills to diagnose.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the 2010 Institute of Medicine report recommended that nurses practice to the full extent of their education, which includes utilizing advanced practice nurses. This supports the efficient delivery of healthcare services. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on the relationship between advanced practice nurses and physicians rather than a reason for increasing their use. Choice C is not a direct reason for increasing the use of advanced practice nurses but rather a statement about the terminal degree for nurse practitioners. Choice D is incorrect as advanced practice nurses do possess the skills necessary to diagnose and provide advanced care.
Which patient action indicates a good understanding of the nurse’s teaching about the use of
an insulin pump?
- A. The patient programs the pump for an insulin bolus after eating
- B. The patient changes the location of the insertion site every week
- C. The patient takes the pump off at bedtime and starts it again each morning.
- D. The patient plans for a diet that is less flexible when using the insulin pump.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A client requires a 24-hr urine collection. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. "I had a bowel movement, but I was able to save the urine."
- B. "I have a specimen in the bathroom from about 30 minutes ago."
- C. "I drink a lot, so I will fill up the bottle and complete the test quickly."
- D. "I flushed what I urinated at 7:00 a.m. and have saved all urine since."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C demonstrates an understanding of the need to collect urine over 24 hours. The client's statement shows awareness that increased fluid intake will help in filling up the collection bottle quickly, which is essential for an accurate test result. This choice reflects the correct understanding of the teaching. Options A, B, and D do not reflect the necessary comprehension for a 24-hr urine collection process. Option A involves a bowel movement, which is not relevant to a urine collection. Option B only mentions a specimen from 30 minutes ago, not over a 24-hour period. Option D indicates flushing urine, which contradicts the idea of saving all urine for the test.
Which of the following best describes the concept of patient autonomy?
- A. The right of patients to make their own healthcare decisions
- B. The duty to do no harm
- C. The obligation to tell the truth
- D. The responsibility to provide equitable care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patient autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own healthcare decisions based on their values and preferences. It emphasizes the importance of respecting patients' rights to choose their treatment options, even if their decisions may not align with healthcare providers' recommendations. Choice B, the duty to do no harm, refers to the ethical principle of nonmaleficence. Choice C, the obligation to tell the truth, is related to the principle of veracity. Choice D, the responsibility to provide equitable care, pertains to the concept of justice in healthcare.
Which of the following is an example of a sentinel event in healthcare?
- A. A patient falling in the hospital without injury
- B. A near-miss medication error
- C. An unexpected patient death unrelated to the natural course of illness
- D. A patient developing an infection during a hospital stay
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. A sentinel event in healthcare is an unexpected patient death unrelated to the natural course of illness. These events are serious occurrences that warrant immediate investigation and response to prevent their recurrence and ensure patient safety. Choices A, B, and D do not fit the definition of a sentinel event. A patient falling without injury, a near-miss medication error, and a patient developing an infection, while concerning, do not meet the criteria of an unexpected patient death unrelated to the natural course of illness.