Nokea
During a physical examination of the male reproductive system, how does the nurse assist the examiner to gather clues about the density of scrotal tissue?
- A. Through a digital rectal examination
- B. By externally inspecting the size of the scrotum
- C. Through transillumination
- D. Through a scrotal radiography
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Transillumination helps assess the density and presence of fluid in the scrotum.
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A patient complains of dysuria, yellow-green vaginal discharge, and vulvar itching. The nurse suspects which sexually transmitted disease?
- A. Syphilis
- B. Gonorrhea
- C. Genital warts
- D. Chlamydia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gonorrhea. Dysuria, yellow-green discharge, and vulvar itching are classic symptoms of gonorrhea. The causative agent, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, infects the genital tract. Syphilis (A) presents with painless sores, not discharge. Genital warts (C) are caused by human papillomavirus and present as warts, not discharge. Chlamydia (D) can cause similar symptoms, but the characteristic discharge in this case points more towards gonorrhea.
Primary spermatogonium undergo:
- A. two mitotic divisions to become a secondary spermatocyte
- B. mitosis and then meiosis to become a secondary spermatocyte
- C. two meiotic divisions to become a secondary spermatocyte
- D. meiosis and differentiation to become a secondary spermatocyte
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Primary spermatogonium undergo mitosis to replicate and maintain the diploid chromosome number, then meiosis to reduce the chromosome number, resulting in secondary spermatocytes. Choice A is incorrect as it skips meiosis. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests two meiotic divisions from primary spermatogonium, which is not accurate. Choice D is incorrect because it fails to mention the initial step of mitosis before meiosis in the process.
During a history, a patient reports rectal bleeding, a warning sign of colorectal cancer. The nurse correlates which clinical finding with colorectal cancer?
- A. Thick, blood-tinged mucus within the rectum
- B. A pus-filled cavity in the anorectal area
- C. An irregular mass with raised edges on the rectal wall
- D. A small, smooth nodule protruding from the rectum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because an irregular mass with raised edges on the rectal wall is a common clinical finding associated with colorectal cancer. This mass could be a tumor or polyp, which can lead to rectal bleeding. Option A is incorrect because thick, blood-tinged mucus is more commonly associated with inflammatory conditions. Option B is incorrect as a pus-filled cavity suggests an abscess or infection, not colorectal cancer. Option D is incorrect because a small, smooth nodule is more indicative of hemorrhoids rather than colorectal cancer.
________ vertebrae are the strongest and largest of the vertebral column.
- A. Lumbar
- B. Sacrum
- C. Thoracic
- D. Cervical
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lumbar vertebrae. The lumbar vertebrae are the largest and strongest of the vertebral column due to their weight-bearing function in supporting the upper body. They have a larger body and thicker structures compared to other vertebrae, providing stability and support. The sacrum, thoracic, and cervical vertebrae are not as large or strong as the lumbar vertebrae, as they have different functions and shapes tailored to their specific roles in the spine.
A 49-yr-old man who has type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, and gastroesophageal reflux tells the nurse that he has had recent difficulty in achieving an erection. Which of the following drugs from his current medications list may cause erectile dysfunction (ED)?
- A. Ranitidine (Zantac)
- B. Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
- C. Propranolol (Inderal)
- D. Metformin (Glucophage)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Propranolol (Inderal). Propranolol is a beta-blocker commonly used to treat high blood pressure, which can lead to erectile dysfunction (ED) as a side effect by affecting blood flow. The other choices, A: Ranitidine (Zantac) is an H2 blocker used for GERD; B: Atorvastatin (Lipitor) is a statin used to lower cholesterol; and D: Metformin (Glucophage) is an oral antidiabetic agent. These medications are not typically associated with causing ED.