Nokea
During a pregnant woman’s second trimester anatomy scan, the fetus was in breech position. The patient is now 34 weeks pregnant and asks how she can tell if the baby is in the right position. What test might be ordered to determine this?
- A. a biophysical profile
- B. an ultrasound
- C. a fetoscopy
- D. a nonstress test
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An ultrasound can determine the fetus's position. Other tests are not typically used for this purpose.
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What hormone stimulates ovulation?
- A. None
- B. Luteinizing hormone (LH).
- C. None
- D. None
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: LH surge triggers ovulation.
Fetal circulation includes 3 shunts. Match each shunt to its physiologic action. Ductus arteriosus
- A. Connects the pulmonary artery and the aorta, bypassing the lungs.
- B. Connects the right and left atria.
- C. Connects the right and left ventricles.
- D. Allows the umbilical vein to bypass the liver to flow into the inferior vena cava.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ductus arteriosus connects the pulmonary artery and aorta.
The nurse is explaining the function of the placenta to a pregnant patient. Which statement indicates to the nurse that further clarification is necessary?
- A. “My baby gets oxygen from the placent
- B. “The placenta functions to help excrete waste products.”
- C. “The nourishment that I take in passes through the placent
- D. The placenta helps maintain a stable temperature for my baby.”
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While the statement "The nourishment that I take in passes through the placenta" is generally correct in the context of the placenta providing nutrients to the fetus, it does not fully convey the process accurately. The primary function of the placenta is to facilitate the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the mother and the fetus through the mother's blood supply. It is not a direct passage of nourishment that the mother takes in; rather, it involves a complex process of diffusion and transport to ensure the fetus receives the necessary nutrients and oxygen. Therefore, further clarification is needed to ensure the patient has a complete understanding of this essential function of the placenta.
What is the purpose of the ovum’s zona pellucida?
- A. Prevents multiple sperm from fertilizing the ovum
- B. Stimulates the ovum to begin mitotic cell division
- C. Allows the 46 chromosomes from each gamete to merge
- D. Makes a pathway for more than one sperm to reach the ovum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The zona pellucida is a protective layer surrounding the ovum (egg cell). One of its primary functions is to prevent multiple sperm from fertilizing the egg by only allowing one sperm to penetrate and fertilize the ovum. This is crucial for ensuring that the resulting embryo has the correct genetic material (46 chromosomes) and does not have an abnormal number of chromosomes, which could lead to developmental issues. The zona pellucida acts as a physical barrier that helps to maintain the genetic integrity of the offspring.
What patient statement indicates the need for further education about amniocentesis?
- A. “It can be used to test for neural tube defects.”
- B. “It is performed between 15 and 20 weeks’ gestation.”
- C. “It is performed using a sterile needle to withdraw a sample of amniotic fluid.”
- D. “The sample can be obtained using a transcervical approach.”
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Amniocentesis is performed transabdominally, not transcervically, to obtain amniotic fluid.