ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam

ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam Related

Review ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam related questions and content

During a shower three days ago, Jeremy Robb, 19, discovered a firm lump in his left testis. He went to the student health center at his university, was referred to a local physician and was admitted to the hospital for a left orchiectomy and lymph node resection. Risk factors for cancer of the testes include:

  • A. smoking.
  • B. undescended testicle.
  • C. multiple sex partners.
  • D. genital trauma.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Smoking has been linked to cancer of the lungs, bladder, and pancreas, but has not been linked directly to cancer of the testes. Males who had undescended testicle(s) have been found to have a higher incidence of cancer of the testes later. It is theorized that the internal heat the testes are exposed to while in the abdomen causes the damage to the testes. Multiple sex partners is a risk for genital warts, AIDS, and sexually transmitted diseases, but has not been shown to be a risk for cancer of the testes. Genital trauma more likely causes bladder and ureteral damage.

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What is the term used for assessment data that the patient tells you about?

  • A. Focused
  • B. Objective
  • C. Subjective
  • D. Comprehensive
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Subjective.' Subjective data includes patient-reported symptoms, feelings, and experiences.

After auscultating a client's breath sounds, the nurse is providing care. Which finding is correctly matched to the nurse's primary intervention?

  • A. Hollow sounds are heard over the trachea. The nurse increases the oxygen flow rate.
  • B. Crackles are heard in bases. The nurse encourages the client to cough forcefully.
  • C. Wheezes are heard in central areas. The nurse administers an inhaled bronchodilator.
  • D. Vesicular sounds are heard over the periphery. The nurse has the client breathe deeply.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Wheezes indicate narrowing of the airways, typically seen in conditions like asthma.
Step 2: Inhaled bronchodilators help dilate the airways, relieving wheezing and improving breathing.
Step 3: Hence, administering an inhaled bronchodilator is the correct intervention for wheezes.
Summary:
A: Increasing oxygen flow does not directly address the issue of wheezes.
B: Encouraging coughing does not address the narrowing of airways seen with wheezes.
D: Deep breathing does not specifically target the narrowing of airways associated with wheezes.

Priority Decision: Upon admission of a patient to the PACU, the nurse's priority assessment is

  • A. vital signs.
  • B. surgical site.
  • C. respiratory adequacy.
  • D. level of consciousness.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Respiratory adequacy is critical immediately postoperatively to ensure oxygenation and ventilation.

Brendan has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, causing a constant state of respiratory acidosis. He has a history of chronic trimethoprim and NSAID use, leading to hyperkalemia. Which of the following are associated with hyperkalemia?

  • A. Irritability,circumoral paresthesia muscle spasms tetany abdominal pain laryngospasm and prolonged QT intervals.
  • B. Muscle cramps malaise diminished deep tendon reflexes anorexia constipation palpitations and rhabdomyolysis.
  • C. Cardiac arrhythmia nausea vomiting constipation dehydration kidney stones muscle weakness and sinus arrest.
  • D. Weakness dizziness abdominal distention nausea vomiting diarrhea palpitations and cardiac arrhythmias.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is Cardiac arrhythmia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dehydration, kidney stones, muscle weakness, and sinus arrest (C). Hyperkalemia affects cardiac function, leading to arrhythmias and potentially life-threatening conditions like sinus arrest. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and constipation are also common.

In developing a discharge plan for a patient requiring home-care services, what is important to assess?

  • A. Patient’s nursing diagnosis
  • B. Availability of needed community services
  • C. Patient’s functional abilities
  • D. Patient’s family dynamics
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ensuring access to necessary community services is vital for successful home care.

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