Nokea
What information in Mr. Singer’s history is most likely associated with his diagnosis of cancer of the larynx?
- A. Shortness of breath on exertion
- B. Abdominal distention
- C. Alteration in voice
- D. Loss of appetite
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hoarseness or voice changes are early signs of laryngeal cancer.
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Brendan has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, causing a constant state of respiratory acidosis. He has a history of chronic trimethoprim and NSAID use, leading to hyperkalemia. Which of the following are associated with hyperkalemia?
- A. Irritability,circumoral paresthesia muscle spasms tetany abdominal pain laryngospasm and prolonged QT intervals.
- B. Muscle cramps malaise diminished deep tendon reflexes anorexia constipation palpitations and rhabdomyolysis.
- C. Cardiac arrhythmia nausea vomiting constipation dehydration kidney stones muscle weakness and sinus arrest.
- D. Weakness dizziness abdominal distention nausea vomiting diarrhea palpitations and cardiac arrhythmias.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Cardiac arrhythmia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dehydration, kidney stones, muscle weakness, and sinus arrest (C). Hyperkalemia affects cardiac function, leading to arrhythmias and potentially life-threatening conditions like sinus arrest. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and constipation are also common.
Cultural safety describes care that prevents cultural imposition. The nurse must be aware of and include the knowledge of which factors in providing safe cultural care for the patient?
- A. Values
- B. Culture
- C. Ethnicity
- D. Stereotyping
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Factors like values, culture, ethnicity, acculturation, and avoiding stereotyping or ethnocentrism help ensure culturally safe care.
The joints most commonly involved with rheumatoid arthritis include the
- A. Spine, from the sacrum to the cervical spine.
- B. Symmetrical involvement of major joints.
- C. Small joints of hands and feet.
- D. Slightly movable joints of the axial skeleton.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: RA primarily affects small joints symmetrically.
Why is it necessary for a nurse to assess a client’s health beliefs and practices?
- A. For possessing knowledge of health problems affecting a particular cultural group.
- B. For accepting each client as an individual.
- C. For providing culturally competent care to the client.
- D. For viewing the situation from the client’s perspective.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessing health beliefs ensures personalized, respectful, and effective care aligned with the client's values.
The primary nursing diagnosis for a client with congestive heart failure with pulmonary edema is:
- A. Pain.
- B. Impaired gas exchange.
- C. Decrease Cardiac output.
- D. Fluid volume excess.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Impaired gas exchange is the main issue in pulmonary edema.