Nokea
During an annual performance evaluation, a manager provides truthful feedback about the nurse's performance. What ethical principle does this represent?
- A. autonomy
- B. nonmaleficence
- C. justice
- D. fidelity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: fidelity. Fidelity refers to the principle of being faithful or loyal to commitments and obligations. In this scenario, the manager providing truthful feedback during the performance evaluation demonstrates fidelity by upholding their professional duty to provide honest and accurate information to support the nurse's growth and development. Autonomy (A) relates to respecting individuals' rights to make their own decisions. Nonmaleficence (B) pertains to avoiding harm. Justice (C) involves fairness and equality in decision-making. In this context, fidelity best aligns with the manager's responsibility to maintain trust and integrity in the feedback process.
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A family is keeping vigil at a critically ill patient's bedside. The nurse speaks with the family members and asks if they would benefit from a chaplain visit or resources to aid with grief and coping. What role is the nurse assuming through this action?
- A. Follower
- B. Manager
- C. Laissez-faire
- D. Leader
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Leader. By offering resources and support to the family during a difficult time, the nurse is taking on a leadership role. The nurse is demonstrating initiative, empathy, and guidance in providing options for additional assistance. This action shows the nurse's ability to take charge, make decisions, and support the family in coping with the situation.
A: Follower - Incorrect. The nurse is not following anyone's lead but rather taking charge and offering support.
B: Manager - Incorrect. While the nurse is managing care, the specific action of offering resources and support goes beyond typical managerial duties.
C: Laissez-faire - Incorrect. Laissez-faire implies a hands-off approach, which is not the case here as the nurse is actively engaging with the family.
E, F, G: No options provided.
Volunteers in a study are assigned randomly to groups. Some of the volunteers receive an herbal supplement that is reputed to control nausea, and some of the volunteers are assigned to a control group where a placebo is administered. This is an example of a(n):
- A. longitudinal study.
- B. appraisal tool.
- C. meta-analysis.
- D. RCT.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: RCT (Randomized Controlled Trial). In this study design, volunteers are randomly assigned to groups to receive either the herbal supplement or a placebo, allowing for comparison of the effects. This random assignment helps minimize bias and ensures that any observed differences between the groups are likely due to the treatment. A longitudinal study (A) follows subjects over an extended period, which is not described here. An appraisal tool (B) is used to evaluate research quality, not a study design. Meta-analysis (C) involves combining results from multiple studies, not assigning treatments.
A nurse is serving on a continuous quality improvement (CQI) committee that has been assigned to develop a program to reduce the number of medication administration errors following a sentinel event at the facility. Which of the following strategies should the committee plan to initiate first?
- A. Review the events leading up to each medication administration error.
- B. Require staff nurses to demonstrate competency by passing a medication administration examination.
- C. Develop a quality improvement program for nurses involved in medication administration errors.
- D. Provide an inservice on medication administration to all the nurses.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Review the events leading up to each medication administration error. This is the first strategy the committee should initiate because it helps identify root causes of errors. By conducting a thorough review of the events leading up to each error, the committee can identify systemic issues, communication breakdowns, and other factors contributing to errors. This information is crucial for developing targeted interventions to prevent future errors.
Choice B is incorrect because competency testing alone may not address underlying system issues leading to errors. Choice C is incorrect because focusing solely on nurses involved in errors may overlook broader system issues. Choice D, providing an inservice, is also not as effective as reviewing events leading to errors, as it may not address specific causes of errors.
As a nurse manager, you have to be effective in managing a culturally diverse staff. Which of the following nurse manager attributes would assist you in addressing the cultural needs of your staff?
- A. Assuming the thoughts and behaviors of individuals based on their race or ethnicity.
- B. Encouraging the potential in all staff.
- C. Being conscious of the dynamics when culture interacts.
- D. Conducting a cultural self-assessment.
- E. Fostering unity by imposing American values upon all staff members.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Correct Answer: B, C, D
Rationale:
B: Encouraging the potential in all staff is crucial for addressing cultural needs. It promotes inclusivity and values diversity.
C: Being conscious of the dynamics when culture interacts helps in understanding and respecting different cultural perspectives and practices.
D: Conducting a cultural self-assessment is essential to identify biases and gain awareness of one's own cultural background.
Summary:
A: Assuming thoughts and behaviors based on race/ethnicity is stereotyping and can lead to discrimination.
E: Imposing American values may alienate staff with different cultural backgrounds and hinder effective communication and collaboration.
A nurse in an acute care setting is serving on a committee whose charge is to use the auditing process to client care. Which of the following aspects of client care is measured by an outcome audit?
- A. Incidence of catheter-induced urinary tract infections.
- B. Nursing staff ratios.
- C. Availability of resources, such as fire extinguishers.
- D. Quality of nursing care provided.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because an outcome audit measures the results or outcomes of client care, such as the incidence of catheter-induced urinary tract infections. This type of audit evaluates the effectiveness of the care provided and focuses on patient outcomes. Choices B and C are incorrect as they pertain to process audits, which assess how care is delivered and the availability of resources, respectively. Choice D is incorrect because it is too broad and does not specifically address a measurable outcome. Choices E, F, and G are not provided, but they would likely be incorrect unless they specifically relate to measurable outcomes of client care.