Nokea
During an assessment, which manifestation should a healthcare provider expect in an infant with pyloric stenosis?
- A. Bile-stained vomitus
- B. Distended abdomen
- C. Olive-shaped mass in the upper abdomen
- D. Painless, swollen joints
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis in infants typically presents with an olive-shaped mass in the upper abdomen due to hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle. This mass can often be palpated during an assessment and is a key characteristic of this condition. Bile-stained vomitus may be seen in conditions such as intestinal obstruction; a distended abdomen can be a nonspecific sign of various conditions, and painless, swollen joints are not typically associated with pyloric stenosis.
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During the routine exam of an infant the parents state a 5th degree family history of adenomatous polyposis. The statement that should be included during the discussion is the infant is at increased risk of colonic adenocarcinoma
- A. the infant is at increased risk of acute lymphocytic leukemia
- B. the infant is at increased risk of intestinal Burkitt lymphoma
- C. the infant is at increased risk of hepatoblastoma
- D. the infant is at increased risk of germ cell tumor
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A healthcare professional is assessing a child who has a rotavirus infection. Which of the following is an expected manifestation?
- A. Constipation
- B. Vomiting
- C. Jaundice
- D. Abdominal pain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a school-age child who is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction. Which of the following is the priority action by the nurse?
- A. Elevate the head of the child's bed
- B. Insert a large-bore IV catheter for the child
- C. Determine the allergen that caused the child's reaction
- D. Administer IM epinephrine to the child
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the management of anaphylaxis, the priority action for the nurse is to administer IM epinephrine to the child. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis as it helps reverse the severe manifestations of the reaction by constricting blood vessels, relaxing airway muscles, and decreasing hives and swelling. Elevating the head of the child's bed may be beneficial for respiratory distress but is not the priority over administering epinephrine. Inserting a large-bore IV catheter may be necessary for fluid resuscitation but is not the initial priority. Identifying the allergen is important for prevention and future management but is not the immediate action needed in the acute phase of an anaphylactic reaction.
The healthcare provider is providing care to a child who was treated with aspirin during a viral infection. Which clinical manifestations should cause the healthcare provider concern?
- A. Nausea, vomiting, and confusion
- B. Headache, vomiting, and seizures
- C. Sore throat, moist respirations, and cough
- D. Fever, rash, and photophobia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and confusion are concerning as they are indicative of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition associated with aspirin use in children during viral illnesses. Reye's syndrome can lead to severe complications, including brain and liver damage, hence prompt recognition and management are crucial.
A parent of a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is being taught by a nurse. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Administer methylphenidate at bedtime.
- B. Increase stimuli in the child's environment.
- C. Administer an extra dose of medication if the child is overactive.
- D. Maintain a consistent bedtime routine.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.