Nokea
During an ultrasound, two amnions and two placentas are observed. What will be the most likely result of this pregnancy?
- A. Dizygotic twins
- B. Monozygotic twins
- C. Conjoined twins
- D. High birth-weight twins
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dizygotic twins always have two amnions and two chorions (placentas).
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The clinic nurse is obtaining a health history on a newly pregnant patient. Which is an indication for fetal diagnostic procedures if present in the health history?
- A. Maternal diabetes
- B. Weight gain of 25 lb
- C. Maternal age older than 30 years
- D. Previous infant weighing more than 3000 g at birth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maternal diabetes is a risk factor in pregnancy due to possible impairment of placental perfusion, necessitating fetal diagnostic procedures.
What does optimal nursing care after an amniocentesis include?
- A. Pushing fluids by mouth
- B. Monitoring uterine activity
- C. Placing the patient in a supine position for 2 hours
- D. Applying a pressure dressing to the puncture site
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring uterine activity after an amniocentesis is important to detect any contractions that may indicate complications.
A nurse is assessing a laboring person's progress. What is the most reliable indicator that the laboring person is in the active phase of labor?
- A. Progressive cervical dilation
- B. Frequent, regular contractions
- C. Fetal descent
- D. Effacement of the cervix
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Progressive cervical dilation. This is the most reliable indicator of the active phase of labor because it directly reflects the opening of the cervix, indicating that labor is advancing. Cervical dilation is a key aspect of labor progress and is used to determine the stage of labor. Frequent, regular contractions (choice B) are important but can occur in early labor as well. Fetal descent (choice C) is an important aspect but may happen in conjunction with cervical dilation. Effacement of the cervix (choice D) is also important but does not solely indicate the active phase of labor.
Which of the following vital sign changes should the nurse highlight for a pregnant woman’s obstetrician?
- A. Prepregnancy blood pressure (BP) 100/60 and third trimester BP 140/90.
- B. Prepregnancy respiratory rate (RR) 16 rpm and third trimester RR 22 rpm.
- C. Prepregnancy heart rate (HR) 76 bpm and third trimester HR 88 bpm.
- D. Prepregnancy temperature (T) 98.6°F and third trimester T 99.2°F.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A significant increase in blood pressure, particularly to 140/90, could indicate preeclampsia and should be highlighted for further evaluation. The other changes are within normal limits for pregnancy.
A 26-year-old pregnant woman who is 12 weeks gestation asks the nurse about the importance of folic acid. Which of the following is the best response by the nurse?
- A. Folic acid helps prevent birth defects of the spine and brain.
- B. Folic acid increases the chances of having a boy.
- C. Folic acid prevents nausea during pregnancy.
- D. Folic acid helps the placenta attach to the uterus.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Folic acid helps prevent birth defects of the spine and brain. Folic acid is crucial during pregnancy as it plays a key role in neural tube development, reducing the risk of neural tube defects like spina bifida. This is supported by research and guidelines.
B: Folic acid does not influence the gender of the baby, as it is determined by the father's sperm.
C: Folic acid does not directly prevent nausea during pregnancy; it is mainly for neural tube development.
D: Folic acid does not specifically help the placenta attach to the uterus; that process is regulated by other factors.
In summary, choice A is correct as it directly relates to the essential role of folic acid in preventing birth defects, while the other choices are unrelated or inaccurate in the context of folic acid's benefits during pregnancy.