Nokea
The nurse is assessing the laboratory report of a 40-week gestation client. Which of the following values would the nurse expect to find elevated above prepregnancy levels? Select all that apply.
- A. Glucose.
- B. Fibrinogen.
- C. Hematocrit.
- D. Bilirubin.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fibrinogen levels increase to prevent excessive blood loss during delivery, and white blood cell count rises to protect against infection. Glucose, hematocrit, and bilirubin levels should remain within normal limits.
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The nurse explains that prior to fertilization each cell is reduced from 46 chromosomes to 23 chromosomes. This is referred to as the __________ number.
- A. haploid
- B. DNA
- C. Chromoses
- D. Plastoderm
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prior to fertilization, each cell undergoes meiosis, reducing its chromosome count from 46 to 23. This reduction ensures genetic diversity and proper development of the embryo. The term 'haploid' refers to cells containing only one set of chromosomes.
Place these developmental milestones in chronological order: Four-chambered heart forms, Vernix caseosa appears, Blastocyst development completes, Testes descend
- A. Blastocyst development complete
- B. Four-chambered heart forms
- C. Vernix caseosa present
- D. Testes descend into scrotum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Development follows the sequence: blastocyst formation, four-chambered heart, vernix appearance, and testicular descent.
For which patient would an L/S ratio of 2:1 potentially be considered abnormal?
- A. A 38-year-old gravida 2, para 1, who is 38 weeks’ gestation
- B. A 24-year-old gravida 1, para 0, who has diabetes
- C. A 44-year-old gravida 6, para 5, who is at term
- D. An 18-year-old gravida 1, para 0, who is in early labor at term
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In diabetic pregnancies, an L/S ratio of 2:1 may not reliably indicate lung maturity due to delayed surfactant production.
The clinic nurse is obtaining a health history on a newly pregnant patient. Which is an indication for fetal diagnostic procedures if present in the health history?
- A. Maternal diabetes
- B. Weight gain of 25 lb
- C. Maternal age older than 30 years
- D. Previous infant weighing more than 3000 g at birth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maternal diabetes is a risk factor in pregnancy due to possible impairment of placental perfusion, necessitating fetal diagnostic procedures.
A nurse is educating a postpartum person about newborn care. What is the best way to prevent diaper rash?
- A. frequent diaper changes
- B. use of a barrier cream
- C. apply petroleum jelly to the skin
- D. change diapers frequently
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: apply petroleum jelly to the skin. Petroleum jelly acts as a barrier, protecting the baby's skin from moisture and irritants in the diaper. It helps maintain the skin's natural moisture and prevents diaper rash.
Rationale:
1. Petroleum jelly creates a protective barrier on the skin, preventing direct contact with moisture and irritants.
2. It helps to keep the skin moisturized, reducing the risk of irritation.
3. Petroleum jelly is safe and gentle on the baby's skin.
4. It is particularly effective for preventing diaper rash compared to other options.
Summary:
A: Frequent diaper changes are important but may not provide enough protection against moisture and irritants.
B: Barrier creams can be effective, but petroleum jelly is a more commonly recommended option.
D: Changing diapers frequently is essential, but applying petroleum jelly as an additional protective measure is more effective in preventing diaper rash.