Nokea
During an ultrasound, two amnions and two placentas are observed. What will be the most likely result of this pregnancy?
- A. Dizygotic twins
- B. Monozygotic twins
- C. Conjoined twins
- D. High birth-weight twins
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dizygotic twins always have two amnions and two chorions (placentas).
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A nurse is educating a postpartum person about perineal care. What is the most important teaching point?
- A. encourage the person to use a peri-bottle
- B. educate the person on wound care
- C. instruct the person to perform Kegel exercises
- D. advise the person to avoid using tampons
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: encourage the person to use a peri-bottle. This is crucial for maintaining perineal hygiene and preventing infection after childbirth. Using a peri-bottle helps keep the perineal area clean without causing irritation.
Explanation of why the other choices are incorrect:
B: Educating on wound care is important but not the most critical teaching point as keeping the area clean with a peri-bottle is the priority.
C: Kegel exercises are beneficial for pelvic floor muscles but are not directly related to perineal care.
D: Avoiding tampons is important to prevent infection, but using a peri-bottle for hygiene is more immediate and necessary postpartum.
A pregnant patient at 24 weeks gestation reports experiencing leg cramps. What is the most appropriate intervention for the nurse to recommend?
- A. Increase calcium intake to prevent leg cramps.
- B. Encourage the patient to exercise more to strengthen leg muscles.
- C. Elevate the legs and perform gentle stretching exercises.
- D. Apply heat packs to the legs to relieve cramping.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Elevate the legs and perform gentle stretching exercises. Leg cramps during pregnancy are common due to increased weight and pressure on the legs. Elevating the legs helps improve circulation and reduce cramping. Gentle stretching exercises can also help relieve muscle tension. Increasing calcium intake (choice A) may be beneficial for preventing cramps, but it is not the immediate intervention for relief. Exercise (choice B) may worsen cramping if done excessively. Applying heat packs (choice D) may provide temporary relief but does not address the underlying cause of the cramps.
A gravid woman and her husband inform the nurse that they have just moved into a three-story home that was built in the 1930s. Which of the following is critical for the nurse to advise the woman to protect the unborn child?
- A. Stay out of any rooms that are being renovated.
- B. Drink water only from the hot water tap.
- C. Refrain from entering the basement.
- D. Climb the stairs only once per day.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Renovations in older homes may release lead dust or asbestos, which are harmful to the developing fetus. Drinking water from the hot tap, limiting stair climbing, or avoiding basements are less critical concerns compared to exposure to renovation hazards.
What is the primary nursing action when a laboring person experiences a ruptured uterus?
- A. prepare for an emergency cesarean section
- B. provide immediate pain relief
- C. apply oxygen via mask
- D. apply pressure to the abdomen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: apply oxygen via mask. This is the primary nursing action for a ruptured uterus because it helps improve oxygenation to the laboring person and the fetus. Ruptured uterus can lead to a significant decrease in oxygen supply, so providing oxygen is crucial.
Incorrect choices:
A: preparing for an emergency cesarean section is important but not the primary action in this situation.
B: providing pain relief is important, but ensuring oxygenation is a higher priority.
D: applying pressure to the abdomen is not recommended as it can worsen the condition.
The nurse is teaching a pregnant patient about preparing for childbirth. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates that further teaching is needed?
- A. I will practice breathing exercises to help manage labor pain.
- B. I should plan to stay in bed during labor to conserve my energy.
- C. I will learn about different labor positions to make the experience more comfortable.
- D. I should discuss pain relief options with my healthcare provider ahead of time.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Staying in bed during labor is not recommended as it can slow down labor progress and increase discomfort.
Rationale:
1. A: Correct - Breathing exercises help manage pain and promote relaxation during labor.
2. C: Correct - Learning about different labor positions can ease pain and facilitate labor progress.
3. D: Correct - Discussing pain relief options with healthcare provider is important for informed decision-making.
Summary:
Choice B is incorrect as it goes against best practices for labor. The other choices demonstrate understanding of labor preparation and pain management strategies.