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During oogenesis, an oogonium ovarian and uterine (menstrual) directly gives rise to ________. cycles?
- A. an ovum
- B. 7 days
- C. a primary oocyte
- D. 14 days
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 14 days. During oogenesis, the process of ovulation occurs approximately 14 days prior to the start of the next menstrual cycle. This is crucial for timing fertilization and pregnancy. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: an ovum is the mature egg released during ovulation, not directly related to the menstrual cycle.
B: 7 days is not a relevant timeframe in the context of oogenesis and menstrual cycles.
C: a primary oocyte is the initial stage of egg development and needs further maturation before ovulation, not directly linked to the menstrual cycle timing.
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Which of the following is a reason for providing early discharge instructions and making arrangements for home care for clients undergoing mastectomy?
- A. The adverse effects of mastectomy are immediate.
- B. The wound of the surgery is highly contagious and the client should exercise isolation precautions immediately after the procedure.
- C. Most clients are not hospitalized long
- D. The suicidal tendencies in women undergoing a mastectomy are high.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Short hospital stays are common, necessitating early discharge planning.
Mrs. Smith has been doing the arm and hand exercises you showed her until this morning when her husband told her he thought it was too dangerous. The most appropriate nursing action would be to
- A. refer Mr. Smith to the physician
- B. explain the importance of postmastectomy exercises and let him assist Mrs. Smith
- C. ask Mrs. Smith to exercise before and after her husband's visits
- D. take Mr. Smith to the physical therapy department to observe some patients with severe contractures
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Educating the husband and allowing him to assist ensures continued compliance with necessary exercises.
What is produced by the ovaries?
- A. Primary oocytes, insulin and estrogen
- B. Secondary oocytes, progesterone and cortisol
- C. Tertiary oocytes, insulin and estrogen
- D. Secondary oocytes, estrogen and progesterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the ovaries produce secondary oocytes, which are released during ovulation for fertilization. Additionally, the ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone, which are essential for the menstrual cycle and reproductive health. Choice A is incorrect as primary oocytes are present before birth and insulin is produced by the pancreas. Choice B is incorrect because cortisol is produced by the adrenal glands, not the ovaries. Choice C is incorrect as tertiary oocytes do not exist, and insulin is produced by the pancreas.
The vascularization of the ovary is provided by the:
- A. the gonadal artery, of the abdominal aorta;
- B. the ovarian branch of the uterine artery;
- C. the ovarian artery, of the external iliac artery;
- D. the Fallopian artery;
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: the ovarian branch of the uterine artery. The ovary receives its blood supply primarily from the ovarian artery, which arises from the abdominal aorta. However, the ovarian artery is a short vessel that anastomoses with the uterine artery, providing the main vascularization of the ovary. The other choices are incorrect because: A) the gonadal artery arises from the internal iliac artery, not the abdominal aorta; C) the ovarian artery does not arise from the external iliac artery; D) there is no specific Fallopian artery responsible for ovarian vascularization.
Congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis is called:
- A. Hypospadia
- B. Phimosis
- C. Epispadia
- D. Herpes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Hypospadias is the congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis.
2. This condition results from incomplete closure of the urethral folds during fetal development.
3. Phimosis is the inability to retract the foreskin over the glans penis.
4. Epispadias is the congenital opening of the male urethra on the upper surface of the penis.
5. Herpes is a viral infection causing painful sores, but not related to the location of the urethral opening.
Summary: Hypospadias is correct as it matches the description of the condition, while the other choices describe different conditions not related to the location of the urethral opening.