Nokea
During preoperative teaching for a client scheduled for a total knee arthroplasty who speaks a different language than the nurse, which interprofessional team member should the nurse include in the discussion?
- A. Interpreter
- B. Social worker
- C. Occupational therapist
- D. Spiritual advisor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Interpreter. The nurse should include an interpreter in the discussion to ensure effective communication with the client. Clear communication is crucial for informed consent and understanding preoperative instructions. Social worker (B) may provide emotional support, not language translation. Occupational therapist (C) focuses on rehabilitation post-surgery. Spiritual advisor (D) addresses religious or spiritual needs, not language translation.
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For what purpose does the nursing student predominantly use knowledge about the history of nursing?
- A. To understand the professional choices open to the student
- B. To prevent medication errors in practice
- C. To determine the optimal geographical area for practice
- D. To reduce the cost of delivering quality health care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: To understand the professional choices open to the student. Understanding the history of nursing helps students learn about the evolution of the profession, key figures, and important milestones. This knowledge provides insight into various career paths, specialties, and opportunities within nursing. It also helps students appreciate the values, ethics, and core principles that shape modern nursing practice. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the history of nursing is not primarily used for preventing medication errors, determining geographical areas for practice, or reducing healthcare costs.
Nurses and community officials are working together to ensure that churches and schools have needed supplies to provide shelter for a large number of individuals in the event of a natural or man-made disaster. These activities represent which phase of a disaster continuum?
- A. Crisis Intervention
- B. Preparedness
- C. Recovery
- D. Relief Response
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Preparedness. In this scenario, the nurses and community officials are taking proactive measures to ensure that necessary supplies are in place before a disaster occurs. Preparedness involves planning, training, and equipping individuals and communities to respond effectively to emergencies. Crisis Intervention (A) occurs during the immediate aftermath of a disaster to address immediate needs. Recovery (C) is the phase where communities rebuild and restore their infrastructure post-disaster. Relief Response (D) involves the initial emergency response to provide immediate assistance to those affected. Overall, the focus on ensuring supplies are in place for potential sheltering indicates preparedness for a disaster, making it the correct choice.
While supervising the care of several clients, which action requires intervention by the charge nurse?
- A. A nurse photocopies a client's diagnostic test results.
- B. An assistive personnel documents the client's vital signs on the client's paper-based graphic record.
- C. The unit secretary faxes a client's laboratory results to the provider.
- D. An RN stays with a client to discuss her understanding of her vital signs that were requested.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because photocopying a client's diagnostic test results without proper authorization violates the client's privacy and confidentiality. It is a breach of HIPAA regulations.
- Choice B is correct as assistive personnel can document vital signs on the client's record under supervision.
- Choice C is acceptable as long as the unit secretary is authorized to fax the client's results.
- Choice D is appropriate as it involves educating the client about her vital signs, promoting client understanding and autonomy.
Nurses on a unit provide personal hygiene, administer medications, educate patients, and provide emotional support. The nurses are providing patient care based on which nursing delivery system?
- A. total patient care
- B. team nursing
- C. functional nursing
- D. partnership nursing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: total patient care. In this nursing delivery system, nurses are responsible for providing comprehensive care to assigned patients, including personal hygiene, medication administration, education, and emotional support. They have full autonomy and accountability for the patient's care throughout their stay. This system ensures continuity, individualized care, and a strong nurse-patient relationship.
Summary of other choices:
B: Team nursing involves a team of healthcare professionals working collaboratively to provide care. It does not assign individual nurses to specific patients for comprehensive care.
C: Functional nursing divides tasks among different nursing staff based on their expertise. It focuses on efficiency but lacks continuity and individualized care for each patient.
D: Partnership nursing involves collaboration between nurses and patients in decision-making and care planning. It emphasizes shared responsibility but does not assign individual nurses to provide total care to specific patients.
The healthcare provider responds to an alarm on a pulse oximeter and sees that the patient's oxygen saturation is reading 38%. The provider observes the patient, noting a respiratory rate of 12 breaths per minute, pink mucous membranes, and easy regular respirations. The healthcare provider concludes that the pulse oximeter is not reading accurately. Whose theory of healthcare is this provider demonstrating?
- A. Annie Goodrich
- B. Lillian D. Wald
- C. Florence Nightingale
- D. Linda Richards
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Florence Nightingale. Florence Nightingale is known for her emphasis on evidence-based practice and data-driven decision-making in healthcare. In this scenario, the healthcare provider is using critical thinking skills to assess the patient's overall clinical presentation, which includes normal vital signs and signs of adequate oxygenation despite the pulse oximeter reading of 38%. This aligns with Nightingale's principles of prioritizing direct observation and clinical judgment over technology.
Incorrect answers:
A: Annie Goodrich - Goodrich was a nursing educator and leader in nursing education, but not specifically known for emphasizing clinical assessment over technology.
B: Lillian D. Wald - Wald was a public health nurse and social reformer, not specifically associated with direct patient care assessment.
D: Linda Richards - Richards was the first professionally trained American nurse, but not specifically known for her approach to clinical assessment in this context.