Nokea
During the beginning shift assessment of a client with asthma who is receiving oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 liters per minute, the nurse would be most concerned about which unreported finding?
- A. Pulse oximetry reading of 89%
- B. Crackles at the base of the lungs on auscultation
- C. Rapid shallow respirations with intermittent wheezes
- D. Excessive thirst with a dry cracked tongue
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rapid, shallow respirations with intermittent wheezes are concerning as they indicate a potential worsening of the client's asthma. This finding suggests airway narrowing, which can lead to respiratory failure. Immediate intervention is required to address this respiratory distress. A pulse oximetry reading of 89% is low and indicates hypoxemia, but the respiratory pattern described in option C takes priority as it directly reflects the client's respiratory status. Crackles at the base of the lungs suggest fluid accumulation, which is important but not as immediately critical as the respiratory distress in asthma. Excessive thirst and a dry cracked tongue may indicate dehydration, which is relevant but not as urgent as the respiratory compromise presented in option C.
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The healthcare provider is evaluating the health status of a 16-year-old client with a history of Type 1 diabetes. Which laboratory test would provide the most accurate information about long-term blood glucose control?
- A. Blood glucose level
- B. Glycosylated hemoglobin
- C. Urine ketones
- D. Serum insulin level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Glycosylated hemoglobin provides valuable information about blood glucose control over the past 2-3 months. This test measures the average blood sugar levels during this period, offering a more comprehensive view of long-term glycemic control. Choice A, blood glucose level, reflects the blood sugar concentration at the time of testing and may fluctuate throughout the day. Choice C, urine ketones, indicates the presence of ketones and is more relevant for assessing acute complications like diabetic ketoacidosis. Choice D, serum insulin level, evaluates insulin production and is not a direct indicator of long-term blood glucose control in diabetes management.
At a routine health assessment, a client tells the nurse that she is planning a pregnancy in the near future. She asks about preconception diet changes. Which of the statements made by the nurse is best?
- A. Include fibers in your daily diet.
- B. Increase green leafy vegetable intake.
- C. Drink a glass of milk with each meal.
- D. Eat at least 1 serving of fish weekly.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Increase green leafy vegetable intake." This is the best advice because green leafy vegetables are rich in folic acid, which is essential for fetal development and helps prevent neural tube defects. Choice A is not specific enough and does not address the importance of folic acid. Choice C, drinking milk with each meal, does not provide the necessary folic acid intake. Choice D, eating fish weekly, is not as crucial for preconception diet changes as increasing folic acid intake.
What does the term 'health disparity' refer to?
- A. Equal access to healthcare for all individuals
- B. Differences in health outcomes between different population groups
- C. High-quality healthcare for everyone
- D. Providing the same treatments to everyone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. 'Health disparity' refers to differences in health outcomes between different population groups. This term highlights variations in health status or in the distribution of health determinants between different population groups. Choice A is incorrect as health disparity is about health outcomes, not just access to healthcare. Choice C is too broad and not specific to the concept of health disparity. Choice D is incorrect as health disparity recognizes that different populations may need tailored or different treatments based on their specific health needs.
Certain health policies/strategies serve as guidelines in the delivery of services. Which of these is incorrect?
- A. A growth monitoring chart is a tool recommended for assessing and recording the child's health condition.
- B. Voluntary blood donation should be promoted through the organization of walking blood banks in rural areas.
- C. Public sectors should collaborate with the private sector for effective utilization of resources.
- D. Traditional birth attendants should be trained and allowed to provide prenatal care to mothers.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Choice C is incorrect because public sectors are encouraged to collaborate with the private sector for effective utilization of resources, not work separately. Collaborating with the private sector can lead to improved resource allocation, better service delivery, and enhanced healthcare outcomes. Choices A, B, and D are correct as growth monitoring charts are indeed recommended for assessing child health, promoting voluntary blood donation through walking blood banks is beneficial, and training traditional birth attendants to provide prenatal care can improve maternal health.
What title should be given to this occupational health nurse job description? A registered nurse who establishes a provider network, recommends treatment plans that assure quality and efficacy while controlling costs, monitors outcomes, and maintains communication among all involved.
- A. manager
- B. researcher
- C. case manager
- D. health promotion specialist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: case manager. A case manager in healthcare coordinates care, monitors outcomes, and ensures quality and cost-effectiveness. In this job description, the nurse is mainly focused on coordinating care, recommending treatment plans, monitoring outcomes, and maintaining communication among all involved, which aligns with the responsibilities of a case manager. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the job description does not primarily involve general management, research, or health promotion specialization.