Nokea
During the Emergent phase of a burn, the most fatal electrolyte imbalance in a burned client is:
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Hypernatremia
- D. Hyponatremia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During the Emergent phase of burns, the most fatal electrolyte imbalance is Hypokalemia. This is due to the shift of potassium from the intracellular space to the extracellular space, leading to low potassium levels in the blood. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because Hyperkalemia, Hypernatremia, and Hyponatremia are not typically associated with the Emergent phase of burns and do not pose the same level of risk as Hypokalemia in this context.
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What is the purpose of the cuff in a Tracheostomy tube?
- A. Separate the upper and lower airway
- B. Separate trachea from the esophagus
- C. Separate the larynx from the nasopharynx
- D. Secure the placement of the tube
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The purpose of the cuff in a Tracheostomy tube is to separate the trachea from the esophagus. The cuff helps prevent aspiration by creating a seal that separates the trachea from the esophagus, reducing the risk of food or fluids entering the lungs. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the cuff's primary function in a Tracheostomy tube is to prevent aspiration rather than separating the upper and lower airway, larynx from the nasopharynx, or securing the placement of the tube.
Overdosage of medication or anesthetic can happen even with the aid of technology like infusion pumps, sphygmomanometer, and similar devices/machines. As a staff member, how can you improve the safety of using infusion pumps?
- A. Check the functionality of the pump before use
- B. Select the brand of infusion pump carefully
- C. Allow the technician to set the infusion pump before use
- D. Verify the flow rate against your calculation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: To enhance the safety of using infusion pumps, it is crucial to verify the flow rate against your calculation. This step ensures that the prescribed dosage is being delivered accurately, reducing the risk of medication errors. Checking the functionality of the pump before use (Choice A) is also important to ensure it is working properly. Allowing the technician to set the pump (Choice C) may not always guarantee the correct settings. Selecting the brand of infusion pump carefully (Choice B) is not directly related to the safe use of the pump.
What is the most effective way to limit the number of microorganisms in the hospital?
- A. Using strict aseptic technique in all procedures
- B. Wearing a mask and gown when caring for all patients with communicable diseases
- C. Sterilizing all instruments
- D. Handwashing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most effective way to limit the number of microorganisms in the hospital is by using strict aseptic technique in all procedures. This approach ensures that the risk of introducing harmful microorganisms into the hospital environment or patients is minimized. Choice B, wearing a mask and gown when caring for patients with communicable diseases, is important but not as comprehensive as using aseptic technique in all procedures. Sterilizing all instruments (Choice C) is crucial for preventing infections but may not address all avenues of microorganism transmission. Handwashing (Choice D) is a fundamental practice in infection control but alone may not be as effective as utilizing aseptic techniques in all procedures to limit microorganisms in the hospital.
What is a common symptom of vitamin D deficiency?
- A. Hair loss
- B. Night blindness
- C. Bone pain
- D. Rashes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bone pain. Vitamin D deficiency often leads to bone pain and weakness as it plays a crucial role in maintaining bone health by aiding in the absorption of calcium. Hair loss (choice A) is not a common symptom of vitamin D deficiency. Night blindness (choice B) is typically associated with vitamin A deficiency, not vitamin D deficiency. Rashes (choice D) are not a common symptom of vitamin D deficiency.
A client who 1) _____ diet requires 2) ___ amounts of vitamin C.
- A. A) Follows a vegan diet, B) More
- B. B) Smokes cigarettes, B) More
- C. A) Follows a vegan diet, C) The same
- D. B) Smokes cigarettes, C) The same
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Smokes cigarettes, More. Smoking increases the need for vitamin C as it can deplete the body's vitamin C levels. Vegan diets, on the other hand, require more vitamin C for optimal absorption due to the absence of heme iron, which enhances non-heme iron absorption. Choices A and C are incorrect because vegan diets require more vitamin C, while smoking increases the need for vitamin C.