Maternal and Newborn Nursing

Maternal and Newborn Nursing Related

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During the first few minutes after birth which physiologic changes occurs in the newborn as response to vascular pressure changes in increased oxygen levels?

  • A. Dilation of pulmonary vessel (dilation of pulmonary vessels occurs in response to increased oxygen levels)
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Immediately after birth, as the newborn takes its first breaths and transitions to breathing air, there is a rapid increase in oxygen levels in the blood. This sudden increase in oxygen causes the pulmonary vessels in the newborn's lungs to dilate. This dilation helps improve blood flow through the lungs, allowing for efficient exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The dilation of pulmonary vessels is a normal physiologic response to the changing environment in the newborn's body after birth.

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The nurse knows that the emancipated minor is considered to have the legal capacity of an adult and may make his or her own health care decisions. Which child would potentially be considered an emancipated minor?

  • A. A minor with financial independence who is living with his parents
  • B. A minor who is pregnant
  • C. A child older than 13 years of age who asks for emancipation
  • D. A minor who puts his or her medical decisions in writing
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Emancipation may be considered in any of the following situations, depending on the state's laws: membership in a branch of the armed services, marriage, court-determined emancipation, financial independence and living apart from parents, college attendance, pregnancy, mother younger than 18 years of age, and a runaway.

What physical findings would the nurse expect in a bulimic client?

  • A. Mastoiditis.
  • B. Hirsutism.
  • C. Gynecomastia.
  • D. Esophagitis.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Repeated vomiting damages the esophagus.

The nurse is performing Leopold's maneuvers. What is the primary goal?

  • A. Determine fetal well-being.
  • B. Assess fetal position and presentation.
  • C. Measure amniotic fluid volume.
  • D. Evaluate uterine contractions.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Leopold's maneuvers are used to assess fetal position, presentation, and engagement.

Which factor should alert the nurse for the potential of a prolapsed umbilical cord?

  • A. Presenting part at station minus 3 (too much empty space in between)
  • B. Meconium stained amniotic fluid
  • C. Pregnancy at 38 weeks' gestation
  • D. Oligohydramnios
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A presenting part at station minus 3 indicates that there is too much empty space between the presenting part (usually the fetus's head) and the pelvic inlet. This increased space raises the potential for the umbilical cord to prolapse through the cervix and into the birth canal ahead of the baby, especially when the membranes rupture. A prolapsed umbilical cord is a severe obstetric emergency that can cause fetal compromise due to umbilical cord compression and compromise of blood flow. It requires immediate intervention to relieve the pressure on the cord and increase the likelihood of a safe delivery. Therefore, a presenting part at station minus 3 should alert the nurse to the potential of a prolapsed umbilical cord.

Three hours after birth, a newborn of a mother with diabetes becomes jittery, has weak, high-pitched cry , and exhibits irregular respirations. The nurse recognizes that these signs are often associated with:

  • A. Hypovolemia
  • B. Hypocalcemia
  • C. Hypoglycemia
  • D. Hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hypoglycemia is common in infants of diabetic mothers.

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