Nokea
During which stage of mitosis does the nuclear envelope begin to disappear and the chromosomes start attaching to the spindle forming along the cell's axis?
- A. Prometaphase
- B. Metaphase
- C. Anaphase
- D. Prophase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Prometaphase. During prometaphase, the nuclear envelope disintegrates, and chromosomes start attaching to spindle fibers. In metaphase, chromosomes align in the middle of the cell. Anaphase is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids, and prophase involves the condensation of chromosomes and the beginning of spindle formation.
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Which of the following options correctly lists the five stages of mitosis in order from beginning to end?
- A. Prophase, Prometaphase, Telophase, Metaphase, Anaphase
- B. Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
- C. Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Prometaphase, Telophase
- D. Metaphase, Telophase, Anaphase, Prophase, Prometaphase
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct order of the stages of mitosis is Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase. Choice A is incorrect because it has Anaphase and Metaphase in the wrong order. Choice C is incorrect as it starts with Metaphase, which is not the first stage of mitosis. Choice D is incorrect as it also has the stages in the wrong order, and it starts with Metaphase, which is incorrect.
The cellular membrane contributes to all except which of the following?
- A. Cell energy production
- B. Cell permeability
- C. Cell communication
- D. Cell protection
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The cellular membrane is involved in regulating cell permeability, communication, and protection. However, it is not directly involved in energy production. Choice A is the correct answer because the cellular membrane does not produce energy; instead, it regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cell. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the cell membrane plays key roles in controlling what enters and exits the cell, facilitating communication between cells, and providing structural support and protection to the cell.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
- A. RNA has an extra Phosphate group
- B. DNA has one less oxygen than RNA
- C. RNA has one less oxygen than DNA
- D. DNA has an extra sugar molecule
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. DNA has one less oxygen atom in its sugar molecule (deoxyribose) compared to RNA, which has a ribose sugar. Choice A is incorrect because RNA does not have an extra phosphate group. Choice C is incorrect as RNA actually has one more oxygen atom than DNA. Choice D is incorrect as DNA and RNA have different sugar molecules, with DNA having deoxyribose and RNA having ribose.
What is the liquid found inside the cell?
- A. Plasma membrane
- B. Cilia
- C. Cytoplasm
- D. Cytosol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Cytosol. Cytosol is the liquid component of the cytoplasm where various cellular processes occur. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the plasma membrane is the outer boundary of the cell, cilia are hair-like structures on the cell surface, and cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance that contains organelles within the cell, not the liquid inside the cell.
What do prokaryotic cells lack in comparison to eukaryotic cells?
- A. A defined nucleus and a series of membrane-bound organelles
- B. A defined nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles
- C. No defined nucleus and a series of membrane-bound organelles
- D. No defined nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prokaryotic cells are characterized by the absence of a defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Choice A is incorrect because prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles. Choice B is incorrect because prokaryotic cells lack both a defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Choice C is incorrect as prokaryotic cells have no defined nucleus. Therefore, the correct answer is D.