Nokea
Eleanor, a 62 y.o. woman with diverticulosis is your patient. Which interventions would you expect to include in her care?
- A. Low-fiber diet and fluid restrictions.
- B. Total parenteral nutrition and bed rest.
- C. High-fiber diet and administration of psyllium.
- D. Administration of analgesics and antacids.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
C is correct as high-fiber diet helps prevent diverticulitis episodes. Psyllium adds bulk to stool, reducing strain on the colon. A is incorrect as low-fiber diet worsens diverticulosis. B is inappropriate as TPN is not first-line and bed rest can worsen symptoms. D is incorrect as analgesics and antacids do not address the underlying cause.
You may also like to solve these questions
Where does chemical digestion of carbohydrates begin?
- A. Mouth
- B. Stomach
- C. Small intestine
- D. Large intestine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mouth. In the mouth, salivary amylase is secreted, which starts breaking down carbohydrates into simpler sugars like maltose. This initial breakdown of carbohydrates through the enzyme amylase marks the beginning of chemical digestion. The stomach primarily digests proteins, not carbohydrates (eliminating option B). The small intestine is where most of the carbohydrate digestion and absorption occurs, but the process begins in the mouth (eliminating option C). The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes, not carbohydrate digestion (eliminating option D).
Histamine stimulates the ______ cells to release ______.
- A. parietal; intrinsic factor
- B. chief; pepsinogen
- C. parietal; HCl
- D. mucous neck; mucus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Histamine stimulates the parietal cells in the stomach lining to release hydrochloric acid (HCl). This process plays a crucial role in the digestion of food. Parietal cells are responsible for producing stomach acid, which helps break down food and kill bacteria. Choice A is incorrect because intrinsic factor is not released by parietal cells in response to histamine. Choice B is incorrect because pepsinogen is released by chief cells, not parietal cells. Choice D is incorrect because mucous neck cells secrete mucus to protect the stomach lining, but they are not directly stimulated by histamine to release mucus.
In discussing long-term management with the patient with alcoholic cirrhosis, what should the nurse advise the patient?
- A. A daily exercise regimen is important to increase the blood flow through the liver.
- B. Cirrhosis can be reversed if the patient follows a regimen of proper rest and nutrition.
- C. Abstinence from alcohol is the most important factor in improvement of the patient's condition.
- D. The only over-the-counter analgesic that should be used for minor aches and pains is acetaminophen.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Abstinence from alcohol is the most important factor in improvement of the patient's condition. This is because alcohol is the primary cause of alcoholic cirrhosis, and continued consumption can worsen liver damage. Abstinence allows the liver to heal and potentially improve function.
Explanation of why the other choices are incorrect:
A: A daily exercise regimen is important for overall health but may not specifically increase blood flow through the liver in alcoholic cirrhosis.
B: Cirrhosis is irreversible, although proper rest and nutrition can help manage symptoms and prevent further damage.
D: Acetaminophen can be harmful to the liver in high doses and should be used cautiously in patients with cirrhosis.
The _____ duct directly receives the fluids from the gallbladder.
- A. cystic
- B. common bile
- C. hepatic
- D. common hepatic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: cystic duct. The cystic duct directly receives the fluids from the gallbladder and connects it to the common bile duct. The cystic duct is responsible for carrying bile from the gallbladder to the digestive system. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the common bile duct carries a mixture of bile from the liver and gallbladder, the hepatic duct connects the liver to the common bile duct, and the common hepatic duct connects the liver to the gallbladder, respectively. Therefore, the cystic duct is the only duct directly receiving fluids from the gallbladder.
A nurse is assessing a client who is 3 days postoperative following abdominal surgery and notes the absence of bowel sounds, abdominal distention, and the client passing no flatus. Which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect?
- A. Ulcerative colitis
- B. Cholecystitis
- C. Paralytic ileus
- D. Wound dehiscence
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Paralytic ileus. After abdominal surgery, the bowel can temporarily stop functioning due to anesthesia, handling of the intestines, or inflammation. This leads to absent bowel sounds, distention, and no flatus passage. Ulcerative colitis (A) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, not related to postoperative findings. Cholecystitis (B) is inflammation of the gallbladder, typically presenting with right upper quadrant pain. Wound dehiscence (D) is the separation of surgical incision edges, not related to bowel function.