HESI A2 Physics Practice Test

HESI A2 Physics Practice Test Related

Review HESI A2 Physics Practice Test related questions and content

Enthalpy (H) is a thermodynamic property defined as the sum of a system's internal energy (U) and the product of its pressure (P) and volume (V). The relationship between these is:

  • A. H = U + PV
  • B. H = U - PV
  • C. H = U / PV
  • D. H = PV / U
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Enthalpy (H) is defined as H = U + PV, where U represents internal energy, P is pressure, and V is volume. Enthalpy includes both the internal energy of a system and the energy required to create space for the system against an external pressure. Therefore, the correct relationship between enthalpy, internal energy, pressure, and volume is H = U + PV. Choice B is incorrect as subtracting PV would not account for the work done against pressure. Choice C is incorrect as dividing U by PV doesn't represent the definition of enthalpy. Choice D is incorrect as dividing PV by U is not the correct relationship based on the definition of enthalpy.

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What is the kinetic energy of a 500-kg wagon moving at 10 m/s?

  • A. 50 J
  • B. 250 J
  • C. 2.5 10^4 J
  • D. 5.0 10^5 J
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The formula for calculating kinetic energy is KE = 0.5 mass velocity². Given the mass of the wagon is 500 kg and the velocity is 10 m/s, we can substitute these values into the formula: KE = 0.5 500 kg (10 m/s)² = 0.5 500 kg 100 m²/s² = 25,000 J or 2.5 10⁴ J. Therefore, the kinetic energy of the 500-kg wagon moving at 10 m/s is 2.5 10⁴ J. Choice A (50 J) is incorrect because it is too low; Choice B (250 J) is incorrect as it does not match the correct calculation; Choice D (5.0 10^5 J) is incorrect as it is too high. The correct answer is C (2.5 10^4 J).

In a scenario where a transverse wave transports energy from north to south, in what direction do the particles in the medium move?

  • A. Only north to south
  • B. Both northward and southward
  • C. Only east to west
  • D. Both eastward and westward
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a transverse wave, particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction of energy transport. When the wave transports energy from north to south, the particles in the medium oscillate up and down, causing them to move both northward and southward. Choice A is incorrect because the particles move in both directions, not only from north to south. Choices C and D are incorrect as they mention directions that are not relevant to the scenario described in the question.

When a dielectric material is inserted between the plates of a charged capacitor, what will happen to the capacitance?

  • A. Increase
  • B. Decrease
  • C. Remain the same
  • D. Become unpredictable
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When a dielectric material is inserted between the plates of a charged capacitor, the capacitance will increase. This is because the presence of a dielectric material reduces the electric field between the plates, allowing more charge to be stored for a given voltage, thus increasing the capacitance. Choice B is incorrect because adding a dielectric material increases capacitance. Choice C is incorrect because capacitance changes when a dielectric is added. Choice D is incorrect because the effect of a dielectric on capacitance is predictable.

Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction states that a changing magnetic field in a conductor induces a/an:

  • A. Increase in resistance
  • B. Electromotive force
  • C. Static electric charge
  • D. Decrease in capacitance
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction states that a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force in a conductor. This electromotive force is responsible for generating electricity in power plants and various electrical devices. The induced current is a result of the changing magnetic field, not an increase in resistance (choice A), static electric charge (choice C), or a decrease in capacitance (choice D). Hence, the correct answer is B.

What is the phenomenon by which light bends as it passes through a prism known as?

  • A. Reflection
  • B. Electrical conduction
  • C. Diffraction
  • D. Refraction
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Refraction is the phenomenon by which light bends as it passes through a prism or any other medium boundary. When light transitions from one medium to another, such as air to glass in the case of a prism, it changes speed and direction due to the change in the medium's refractive index. This change in speed causes the light to bend. Reflection, on the other hand, is the bouncing back of light when it hits a surface. Diffraction refers to the bending of light around obstacles or through narrow openings. Electrical conduction involves the movement of electrically charged particles through a conductor, which is unrelated to the bending of light.

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