Nokea
Ethical and moral issues concerning restraints include all of the following except:
- A. emotional impact on the client and family.
- B. dignity of the client.
- C. client's quality of life.
- D. policies and procedures.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'policies and procedures.' While policies and procedures are essential for managing restraints, they are not in themselves ethical or moral issues. The emotional impact on the client and family, the dignity of the client, and the client's quality of life are all ethical and moral concerns related to the use of restraints. These aspects focus on the well-being, respect, and rights of the individual, which are fundamental ethical considerations in healthcare practice. Choices A, B, and C are directly tied to ethical and moral considerations by highlighting the impact on individuals involved and their overall quality of life and dignity, making them key factors to address in ethical decision-making.
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Which of the following statements by a client indicates adequate preparation for magnetic resonance imaging?
- A. "I should wear earplugs during the test."?
- B. "I should remove my metal jewelry before the test."?
- C. "I should inform the healthcare provider about my pacemaker."?
- D. "I should inform the healthcare provider about my artificial hip."?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement is, '"I should wear earplugs during the test,"?' as MRI scanners produce loud noises requiring ear protection. Metal objects, including jewelry, are not allowed inside the MRI room due to safety concerns related to the magnetic field. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Choice B is wrong because metal objects, including jewelry, are not permitted in the MRI room. Choices C and D are incorrect as having a pacemaker or an artificial hip raises concerns due to the magnetic field in MRI, requiring special precautions or considerations. It is crucial for individuals with such implants to inform their healthcare provider to assess the risks and determine the appropriate course of action.
Which of the following nursing diagnoses is most appropriate for a client with a new colostomy?
- A. Excess Fluid Volume
- B. Risk for Aspiration
- C. Disturbed Body Image
- D. Urinary Retention
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Disturbed Body Image is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a client with a new colostomy. A new colostomy can significantly impact a person's body image and self-esteem due to the physical changes it brings. This can lead to emotional distress, adjustment issues, and concerns about body image. Excess Fluid Volume, Risk for Aspiration, and Urinary Retention are not directly related to the psychosocial impact of a new colostomy and are therefore not as relevant in this context. While Excess Fluid Volume, Risk for Aspiration, and Urinary Retention are important nursing diagnoses, they are not the priority when considering the psychological and emotional effects of a new colostomy.
Ms. Petty is having difficulty falling asleep. Which of the following measures promote sleep?
- A. exercising vigorously for 20 minutes each night starting at 9:30 p.m.
- B. taking a cool shower and drinking a hot cup of tea
- C. watching TV nightly until midnight
- D. getting a back rub and drinking a glass of warm milk
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Getting a back rub and drinking a glass of warm milk are appropriate measures to promote sleep as they can help relax the body and induce sleepiness. Exercising vigorously, as suggested in choice A, can be counterproductive as it stimulates the body rather than relaxing it, making it harder to fall asleep. Choice B, taking a cool shower and drinking a hot cup of tea, may also increase alertness due to the temperature changes and the caffeine in tea, which can interfere with falling asleep. Watching TV until midnight, as in choice C, exposes the individual to blue light and mental stimulation, making it harder to fall asleep. Therefore, choice D is the best option to promote sleep in this scenario.
Which cultural group has the highest incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
- A. Asians
- B. Caucasians
- C. Hispanics
- D. African Americans
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Caucasians. Studies have shown that Caucasians have the highest incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compared to other cultural groups. While IBD can affect individuals from various backgrounds, the prevalence is notably higher in Caucasians. Asians, Hispanics, and African Americans have a lower incidence of IBD compared to Caucasians, making them incorrect choices in this context.
What sign might the nurse observe in a client with a high ammonia level?
- A. coma
- B. edema
- C. hypoxia
- D. polyuria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coma is a sign that a nurse might observe in a client with a high ammonia level. Elevated ammonia levels can lead to hepatic encephalopathy, a condition characterized by impaired brain function, which can progress to coma. Edema (choice B) is swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in body tissues, not typically associated with high ammonia levels. Hypoxia (choice C) is a condition of inadequate oxygen supply to tissues and is not directly related to high ammonia levels. Polyuria (choice D) refers to excessive urination and is not a typical sign of high ammonia levels.