Nokea
Examples of encapsulated organisms are all except:
- A. Pseudomonas
- B. Proteus
- C. Pneumococci
- D. Salmonella
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Pseudomonas is not an encapsulated organism. The other options (b-e) are encapsulated.
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Regarding insulin administration in diabetics:
- A. Short-acting insulin reaches peak action in 4-6 hours after injection
- B. In a twice daily regimen involving Mixtard 30 or Humulin M3, the bedtime reading is an effect of the long-acting component
- C. A bedtime blood sugar level of 10 mmol/l is unacceptable
- D. Using the same site for injections is a common cause of increasing insulin dosage
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The bedtime reading in a twice-daily regimen involving Mixtard 30 or Humulin M3 is influenced by the long-acting component, which has a prolonged effect.
The nurse is caring for a client with a lower left lobe pulmonary abscess. Which position should the nurse instruct the client to maintain?
- A. left lateral
- B. Supine, knees flexed
- C. Dorsal recumbent
- D. Knee-chest
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The left lateral position promotes drainage of the abscess and improves ventilation.
A male client complains of pain in his right calf, and the nurse determines that his calf is edematous and deep red. What intervention has the highest priority?
- A. Tell the client to remain in bed
- B. Apply warm compresses to the affected leg.
- C. Administer pain medication as prescribed.
- D. Encourage the client to elevate the affected leg.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symptoms suggest deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Bed rest prevents dislodgment of the clot, reducing the risk of pulmonary embolism.
Which congenital cardiac defect(s) cause(s) increased pulmonary blood flow? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Atrial septal defects (ASDs)
- B. Tetralogy of Fallot
- C. Dextroposition of aorta
- D. Patent ductus arteriosus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The congenital heart defects that cause increased pulmonary blood flow are ASDs, VSDs, and patent ductus arteriosus.
Corneal opacities are seen in:
- A. Marfan's syndrome
- B. Herpes simplex infection
- C. Hurler syndrome
- D. Osteogenesis imperfecta
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Corneal opacities are a characteristic feature of Hurler syndrome, a type of mucopolysaccharidosis.